Bahrain
Region
🌍 Asia
Population
👥 1
Currency
💱 Bahraini dinar
Languages
🗣️ Arabic
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Bahrain, an island nation in the Persian Gulf, offers a captivating blend of ancient history and modern luxury. Known for its rich pearl diving heritage and as a major financial hub, this compact kingdom provides a vibrant cultural experience. Visitors can expect a warm Arabian welcome, a mix of traditional souqs and contemporary shopping malls, and a fascinating array of historical sites. The archipelago's diverse landscapes range from arid desert plains to man-made islands, offering unique exploration opportunities. From bustling capital cities to serene coastal areas, Bahrain promises an accessible and enriching journey for every traveler. Prepare to be intrigued by its ancient Dilmun civilization roots and its forward-looking development.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Kingdom of Bahrain
Continent
Asia
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Bahraini
Independence
Bahrain gained independence on August 15, 1971, from the United Kingdom.
Top-Level Domain
.bh
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+973
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+03:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Manama
ISO Alpha-2
BH
ISO Alpha-3
BHR
UN Code
48
Geographic Coordinates
26,50.55
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
765#192 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
1,603,260#152 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
1,971.32
Highest Point (m)
The highest point in Bahrain is Jabal ad Dukhan, at 134 meters.
Lowest Point (m)
The lowest point in Bahrain is the Persian Gulf at 0 meters.
Land Use
Approximately 1% of Bahrain's land is arable.
Irrigated Land
Bahrain has approximately 20 square kilometers of irrigated land.
Coastline Length
Bahrain has a coastline of approximately 161 kilometers.
Climate
Bahrain has a hot, humid climate with mild winters.
Natural Resources
Bahrain's natural resources include oil and natural gas.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
No land borders
Major Rivers
This island nation has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This island nation has no major lakes.
Government Type
Bahrain is a constitutional monarchy.
Administrative Divisions
Bahrain is divided into four governorates.
Legal System
The legal system in Bahrain is based on Islamic law and English common law.
Chief of State
The chief of state is King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.
Head of Government
The head of government is the Prime Minister, currently Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa.
Cabinet
The Cabinet of Ministers is appointed by the Prime Minister.
Elections
Elections are held for the Council of Representatives, the lower house of the parliament.
Judicial Branch
The judicial branch consists of a high court system.
Legislative Branch
The legislative branch consists of a bicameral National Assembly, with a Consultative Council (Shura Council) and a Council of Representatives.
Major Political Parties
Major political parties in Bahrain include Al Wefaq and Al-Menbar Islamic Society.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Bahraini dinar
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
48.97#100 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
113.62#98 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
30,596.58#56 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
0.24
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
41.21
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
54.32
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
-0.14#180 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
919,501
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1.1#179 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2020)Checked September 29, 2026
111.6
Budget
Bahrain's budget is managed by the government and details are available in official publications.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
41.3#69 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
33.04#79 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Bahrain's foreign reserves are managed by the Central Bank of Bahrain.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found online from various financial institutions and currency converters.
GDP by Sector
Primarily driven by services, industry, and oil.
Major Industries
Petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, tourism, finance.
Major Export Partners
Saudi Arabia, UAE, United States.
Major Import Partners
Saudi Arabia, China, United States.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
97.82#47 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
12
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
2.2
Net Migration Rate
Approximately 4 migrants per 1,000 population (2021 est.)
Median Age
Approximately 32 years (2021 est.)
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
100#1 of 214
Urbanization Rate
The urbanization rate is relatively stable.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
81.4#41 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
Less than 0.1% of the adult population is estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS (2021 est.).
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
4
Ethnic Groups
Bahraini 46.1%, Asian 45.5%, other Arab 9.4% (2020 est.)
Religions
Muslim 70.2%, Christian 14.5%, Hindu 9.8%, other 5.5% (2020 est.)
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Arabic
Education
Education System
The education system in Bahrain is structured with primary, intermediate, and secondary levels. It includes both public and private schools, with a focus on Arabic and English language instruction.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2019)Checked September 29, 2026
16.3
Government Education Spending
The Bahraini government invests significantly in education, aiming to improve educational outcomes and infrastructure.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities include the University of Bahrain and Ahlia University.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Bahrain's culture is a blend of Arab and Islamic traditions, influenced by its history as a trading center. It includes traditions of hospitality, art, and music.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- رأس السنة الميلادية (2026-01-01)
- اليوم الرياضي (2026-02-22)
- يوم العمال (2026-05-01)
- اليوم الوطني (2026-12-16)
- اليوم الوطني (2026-12-17)
Popular Music
Popular music genres include Khaleeji (Gulf) music, pop, and international music.
Traditional Food
Traditional food includes Machboos (rice with meat or fish), and Balaleet (sweet vermicelli).
Sports
Popular sports include football (soccer), horse racing, and motorsport, particularly Formula 1.
Major Festivals
Major festivals include the Bahrain Grand Prix and the Bahrain International Music Festival.
Famous People
Famous people include athletes, artists, and political figures.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Cultural heritage sites include ancient burial mounds and forts.
UNESCO Sites
UNESCO sites include Qal'at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun, and the Pearling, Testimony of an Island Economy.
Annual Tourist Visits
around 10 million/year
Tourism Overview
Bahrain caters to a diverse range of travelers, from history buffs and culture enthusiasts to luxury seekers and business visitors. The typical trip style often involves exploring the capital, Manama, with its blend of modern attractions and historical sites, and venturing out to experience the island's heritage. Highlights include delving into the ancient Dilmun civilization, experiencing the thrill of motorsports, and exploring traditional souqs. The main regions to focus on are Manama and the historical areas of Muharraq. Travelers interested in a mix of cultural immersion, good food, and comfortable amenities will find Bahrain particularly appealing. It's also a popular stopover for those transiting through the region.
Top Tourist Attractions
Bahrain National Museum
Qal'at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort)
Bahrain International Circuit
Al-Fateh Grand Mosque
Bab Al Bahrain (Gateway to Bahrain)
Tree of Life
Adhari Park
Manama Souq
Royal Camel Farm
Siyadi House (Muharraq)
Khan Ruh (Reef dive site)
A'ali Burial Mounds
Qal'at al-Bahrain (Bahrain Fort)
Bahrain International Circuit
Al-Fateh Grand Mosque
Bab Al Bahrain (Gateway to Bahrain)
Tree of Life
Adhari Park
Manama Souq
Royal Camel Farm
Siyadi House (Muharraq)
Khan Ruh (Reef dive site)
A'ali Burial Mounds
Famous Cities
Manama, the capital, is the pulsating heart of Bahrain, showcasing a dynamic mix of modern skyscrapers and traditional souqs. It's home to the Bahrain National Museum and the vibrant Bab Al Bahrain market. Muharraq, the former capital, offers a glimpse into Bahrain's rich pearling history with its well-preserved traditional houses and UNESCO World Heritage sites. Hamad Town provides a more residential feel but is known for its large mosque and community spaces. Isa Town is a key commercial and educational hub, featuring a popular crafts center and a bustling market. Each city offers a distinct facet of Bahraini life and history.
National Parks
Al Areen Wildlife Park & Reserve
Adhari National Park
Harams Nature Reserve
Adhari National Park
Harams Nature Reserve
Protected Areas
—
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Bahrain is generally from October to April, when the weather is most pleasant. During these months, daytime temperatures are mild, ranging from the comfortable mid-20s to low 30s Celsius, perfect for exploring cities and historical sites. The cooler winter months, December to February, are ideal for outdoor activities like visiting souqs and historical forts without the intense heat. Spring (March-April) offers a lovely transition, still comfortable for sightseeing. Summer (May-September) is extremely hot and humid, making outdoor exploration challenging, though indoor attractions and beach resorts remain popular. Consider visiting during Ramadan for a unique cultural experience, but be mindful of altered opening hours and local customs.
Tourist Visa Info
Many nationalities can obtain a tourist visa upon arrival at Bahrain International Airport or other entry points. This typically involves paying a fee and presenting a valid passport with sufficient remaining validity. Alternatively, an e-visa can often be applied for online before departure, which can save time at the airport. Check the official immigration website of Bahrain or your local embassy for the most current list of nationalities eligible for visa-on-arrival or e-visa. Always confirm the duration of stay permitted by your visa. Business travelers might have different visa considerations.
Visa Requirements Overview
Visa requirements for Bahrain vary significantly based on your nationality. Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival, while others may need to apply in advance. Common tourist visas are typically valid for a specific period, such as 14 or 30 days, and may be extendable. It is crucial to check the latest visa regulations with the Bahraini embassy or consulate in your country before traveling. Ensure your passport has sufficient validity, usually at least six months beyond your intended stay. Some nationalities might be eligible for an e-visa application online.
Travel Advisory
Bahrain is a welcoming destination with a stable environment for tourists. Visitors are advised to be mindful of local customs and dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites or rural areas, to show respect. While general safety is high, exercising common sense regarding personal belongings in crowded places is always recommended. It is advisable to stay informed about any local events or conditions that might affect travel plans, though widespread disruptions are uncommon. Ensure you have adequate travel insurance to cover any unforeseen circumstances. Respecting local laws and cultural norms will ensure a smooth and positive experience.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index for Bahrain is available from various global health reports.
Medical Cost
Medical costs in Bahrain vary depending on the service and provider.
Number of Hospitals
Bahrain has a number of hospitals; the precise number varies.
Universal Healthcare
Bahrain provides healthcare to citizens and residents through public and private systems, with government-funded facilities offering subsidized services.
Medical Services Overview
Bahrain offers a mix of public and private healthcare facilities, with services ranging from primary care to specialized treatments.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available in Bahrain; further information can be found through local authorities and healthcare providers.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
999
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
999
Emergency Number (Fire)
999
Crime Rate
—
Safety Index
—
Military Expenditure
—
Emergency Services Overview
Bahrain has a well-organized emergency services system. In case of medical emergencies, the ambulance service is readily available and efficient. For police assistance or reporting any incidents, the police department can be contacted directly. Fire services are also prompt in responding to emergencies. Tourists should keep the emergency numbers handy and be prepared to provide their location and a clear description of the situation. The authorities are generally helpful and accustomed to assisting tourists.
Safety Overview
Bahrain is considered a safe country for tourists, with low rates of violent crime. Petty crime like pickpocketing is rare but can occur in crowded areas such as markets. It's advisable to be aware of your surroundings, especially in busy souqs or public transport. Scams are not common, but as in any destination, be cautious of unsolicited offers or overly friendly strangers. It's recommended to dress modestly when visiting religious sites or more traditional areas out of respect for local culture. Emergency services are generally responsive and efficient. Overall, a cautious but relaxed approach will ensure a safe and enjoyable visit.
Military Branches
—
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
—
Water Access
—
Sanitation Access
—
Railways
There are no active railways in Bahrain.
Roadways
Bahrain boasts a well-maintained and modern road network, especially around the capital and major cities. Driving is on the right side of the road. The King Fahd Causeway is a significant and well-constructed highway linking Bahrain to Saudi Arabia. Tolls are generally not a major feature, with most roads being free to use, although specific bridges or tunnels might have minor fees. Self-driving is a good option for tourists who prefer flexibility and want to explore at their own pace. Road signs are typically in both Arabic and English. Traffic can be heavy during peak hours, particularly in Manama.
Transportation System
The transportation system includes roads, public buses, and taxis.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Bahrain International Airport (BAH)
Ports
—
Public Transit
Bahrain's public transportation is primarily centered around a bus system serving Manama and other major towns. The Kingdom's bus network is quite extensive and connects most key areas. Tickets are typically purchased using a rechargeable smart card, making it convenient for frequent use. While efficient for locals, tourists might find navigating the routes a bit challenging without prior planning. Taxis are readily available and a popular alternative for tourists seeking direct routes and convenience. Ride-sharing apps are also widely used and offer a reliable way to get around. For shorter distances within cities, walking is also feasible, especially in areas like the Manama souq.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
100#1 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
—
Tech Startups
—
Innovation Index
—
ICT Development Index
—
TV Broadcast Stations
—
Radio Broadcast Stations
—
Plug Type & Voltage
Type G, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
23.9#3 of 202
Air Quality Index
Generally moderate, with occasional improvements or declines based on weather patterns and industrial activity.
Water Pollution Level
Seawater quality is generally good in most tourist areas, with efforts made to maintain coastal waters. Tap water is treated but often has a high mineral content; bottled water is recommended for drinking.
Renewable Energy Usage
—
Environmental Issues
—
Natural Hazards
Bahrain's location means it can experience occasional dust storms, especially during the spring and early summer months, which can reduce visibility. While earthquakes are rare in the region, the possibility of tremors from more seismically active areas cannot be entirely ruled out. Extreme heat and humidity are common during the summer months, posing a risk of heatstroke for those engaging in outdoor activities. Coastal flooding is generally not a significant concern due to the island's topography and coastal defenses.
Waste Management
Bahrain is increasingly focusing on waste management and recycling, especially in urban centers like Manama. You'll find public bins for general waste, and separate recycling bins are becoming more common in shopping centers and hotels. Travelers are encouraged to participate in recycling efforts where available and to avoid littering, especially in natural areas or historical sites. Proper disposal of waste contributes to maintaining the beauty and cleanliness of the country. Initiatives are underway to improve sustainable waste handling practices nationwide.
Environmental Agreements
—
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
—