Haiti
Region
🌍 Americas
Population
👥 11
Currency
💱 Haitian gourde
Languages
🗣️ French, Haitian Creole
This mark means a fact is linked to a checked source. Hover or tap it to see the source. 35 of 141 facts on this page are sourced.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Haiti
Continent
America
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Haitian
Independence
January 1, 1804
Top-Level Domain
.ht
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+509
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC-05:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Port-au-Prince
ISO Alpha-2
HT
ISO Alpha-3
HTI
UN Code
332
Geographic Coordinates
19,-72.41666666
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
27,750#148 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
11,867,032#83 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
422.26
Highest Point (m)
2,680 meters (Pic Macaya)
Lowest Point (m)
Sea level
Land Use
40.6% agricultural land (2018 estimate)
Irrigated Land
1,400 sq km (2012)
Coastline Length
1,771 km
Climate
Tropical; semiarid where rainfall is deficient
Natural Resources
Bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Dominican Republic
Major Rivers
Artibonite River
Major Lakes
Lake Azuei
Government Type
Republic
Administrative Divisions
10 departments
Legal System
Civil law based on the French civil code
Chief of State
President
Head of Government
Prime Minister
Cabinet
Council of Ministers
Elections
President and parliament are elected. Elections are often delayed.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court of Justice
Legislative Branch
Bicameral National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale): Senate and Chamber of Deputies
Major Political Parties
Various parties exist; political landscape is highly fragmented.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Haitian gourde
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
32.08#113 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
37.31#145 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2,694.19#165 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
15.81
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
27.5
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
54.19
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
28.64#9 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
5,268,189
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
14.94#16 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)
Public debt is a significant economic concern.
Budget
The government budget faces challenges due to economic conditions.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
0.5#175 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4.6#143 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Foreign reserves are relatively low.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found through various online financial resources and banks.
GDP by Sector
Primarily services, agriculture, and industry.
Major Industries
Apparel, agriculture, and manufacturing.
Major Export Partners
Primarily the United States.
Major Import Partners
Primarily the United States and Dominican Republic.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2017)Checked September 29, 2026
68.01#143 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
21.9
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
7.8
Net Migration Rate
Net migration is negative due to emigration.
Median Age
Approximately 23 years (estimated).
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
55.61#143 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Urbanization is ongoing.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
65.1#187 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
HIV/AIDS prevalence is a public health concern.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
3.19
Ethnic Groups
Primarily Black (Haitian Creole) and some mixed.
Religions
Predominantly Roman Catholic and Protestant, with Voodoo practiced by many.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
French, Haitian Creole
Education
Education System
Education system is divided into pre-primary, primary, secondary and higher levels. Challenges include access, quality, and funding.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (1986)Checked September 29, 2026
6.9
Government Education Spending
Government spending on education is relatively low, often below regional averages.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Université d'État d'Haïti (State University of Haiti) is the main public university.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Haitian culture is a blend of African, French, and indigenous influences, including vibrant art, music, dance, and religious traditions.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- Jour de l'an (2026-01-01)
- Jour des Aieux (2026-01-02)
- Le Jour des Rois (2026-01-06)
- Carnaval (2026-02-16)
- Carnaval (2026-02-17)
- Mercredi Des Cendres (2026-02-18)
- Jeudi saint (2026-04-02)
- Vendredi saint (2026-04-03)
- Pâques (2026-04-05)
- Fête du Travail / Fête des Travailleurs (2026-05-01)
- Ascension (2026-05-14)
- Jour du Drapeau et de l'Université (2026-05-18)
Popular Music
Compas music is the dominant genre; also, influence from rap, hip-hop, and other genres.
Traditional Food
Rice and beans, griot (fried pork), and diri ak djon djon (rice with mushrooms).
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport, followed by basketball.
Major Festivals
Carnival, Rara festivals, and various religious celebrations.
Famous People
Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Wyclef Jean, and Edwidge Danticat.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Citadelle Laferrière, Sans-Souci Palace, and Ramiers.
UNESCO Sites
Citadelle Laferrière, Sans-Souci Palace, and Ramiers are UNESCO World Heritage sites.
Annual Tourist Visits
Low number of annual tourist visits.
Tourism Overview
Tourism is developing, but faces significant challenges due to infrastructure and security concerns.
Top Tourist Attractions
Citadelle Laferrière, Sans-Souci Palace, Labadee Beach, Jacmel.
Famous Cities
Port-au-Prince, Cap-Haïtien, Jacmel.
National Parks
La Visite National Park.
Protected Areas
Limited protected areas.
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
Visa requirements vary depending on nationality; check with the Haitian embassy.
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
High travel advisory; consider safety and security concerns.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index is generally low.
Medical Cost
Medical costs are relatively affordable.
Number of Hospitals
Haiti has a limited number of hospitals compared to its population.
Universal Healthcare
Limited universal healthcare access; mainly available through public and private providers, often facing resource constraints.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are limited in some areas.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical access is often limited.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
114
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
Unknown
Emergency Number (Fire)
115
Crime Rate
High crime rate index.
Safety Index
Very low safety index.
Military Expenditure
Very low military expenditure.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services are under-resourced and can be slow to respond.
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
Haitian National Police (PNH).
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Very limited electricity access, especially outside of urban areas; frequent outages.
Water Access
Access to potable water is limited; often reliant on wells or vendors; quality varies.
Sanitation Access
Poor sanitation infrastructure; limited access to improved sanitation facilities.
Railways
No operational railways.
Roadways
Limited road infrastructure; many unpaved roads; subject to damage during storms.
Transportation System
Public transportation includes buses and tap-taps (shared taxis); road conditions are often poor.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Cap Haitien International Airport (CAP), Toussaint Louverture International Airport (PAP), Antoine-Simon International Airport (CYA), Jacmel Airport (JAK), Jérémie Airport (JEE), Port-de-Paix Airport (PAX)
Ports
Port-au-Prince is the main port; other smaller ports exist.
Public Transit
Primarily informal public transport like tap-taps (colorful share taxis) and buses; limited formal public transit.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
47.86#160 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Moderate mobile subscriptions.
Tech Startups
Limited tech startup ecosystem.
Innovation Index
Low innovation index.
ICT Development Index
Low ICT development index.
TV Broadcast Stations
Limited number of TV broadcast stations.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio broadcast stations.
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
0.3#172 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality is a concern, often impacted by deforestation and inadequate waste management.
Water Pollution Level
High levels of water pollution exist due to inadequate sanitation, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff.
Renewable Energy Usage
Limited renewable energy usage, with some solar and hydropower initiatives but heavily reliant on fossil fuels.
Environmental Issues
Deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution, and coastal degradation are significant environmental concerns.
Natural Hazards
Frequent hurricanes, earthquakes, droughts, and floods pose major risks.
Waste Management
Waste management is severely underdeveloped; open dumping and lack of proper collection and disposal are prevalent.
Environmental Agreements
Party to major environmental agreements, including the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally, with a focus on countries with significant Haitian diaspora populations and strategic partners.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Member of CARICOM, OAS, and other international organizations.
Major Treaties
Party to major treaties including those related to human rights, trade, and environmental protection.
Visa-Free Countries
Visa-free access varies; citizens typically require visas for travel to many countries, with some exceptions within the Caribbean region.