Mozambique
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 34
Currency
💱 Mozambican metical
Languages
🗣️ Portuguese
This mark means a fact is linked to a checked source. Hover or tap it to see the source. 36 of 141 facts on this page are sourced.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Mozambique
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Mozambican
Independence
June 25, 1975
Top-Level Domain
.mz
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+258
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+02:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Maputo
ISO Alpha-2
MZ
ISO Alpha-3
MOZ
UN Code
508
Geographic Coordinates
-18.25,35
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
801,590#36 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
34,958,973#43 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
42.77
Highest Point (m)
2,436 meters (Monte Binga)
Lowest Point (m)
0 meters (Indian Ocean)
Land Use
Primarily agricultural, with forests and woodlands also present.
Irrigated Land
Approximately 1,500 square kilometers.
Coastline Length
2,470 kilometers
Climate
Tropical to subtropical, with a wet season from October to March.
Natural Resources
Coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, and arable land.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Malawi, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Major Rivers
Zambezi River, Limpopo River, Save River, and Lugenda River.
Major Lakes
Lake Niassa (shared with Tanzania and Malawi).
Government Type
Republic
Administrative Divisions
10 provinces and the capital city (Maputo).
Legal System
Based on Portuguese civil law and customary law.
Chief of State
President Filipe Nyusi
Head of Government
Prime Minister Adriano Maleiane
Cabinet
Council of Ministers, appointed by the President.
Elections
Presidential and parliamentary elections are held regularly.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court; provincial, city, and district courts.
Legislative Branch
Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da República) – a unicameral legislature.
Major Political Parties
FRELIMO (ruling party), RENAMO, and the MDM.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Mozambican metical
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
22.34#129 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
60.5#131 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
626.91#207 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
25.57
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
22.08
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
42.02
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4.37#55 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
15,658,114
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
6.63#66 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
71.77
Budget
The government budget reflects spending on social services, infrastructure, and other sectors.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
9.24#115 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
12.45#113 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Foreign reserves are approximately $3 billion.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found at major banks and online currency converters.
GDP by Sector
Key sectors include agriculture, services, and industry.
Major Industries
Major industries include agriculture, fishing, food processing, and tourism.
Major Export Partners
Major export partners include South Africa, India, and the Netherlands.
Major Import Partners
Major import partners include South Africa, China, and the United Arab Emirates.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2022)Checked September 29, 2026
61.67#148 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
37
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
6.9
Net Migration Rate
The net migration rate is approximately -1 per 1,000 population.
Median Age
The median age is approximately 18 years.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
37.21#176 of 214
Urbanization Rate
The urbanization rate is approximately 2.9% annually.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
63.8#193 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
HIV/AIDS prevalence is approximately 13%.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
8.5
Ethnic Groups
Ethnic groups include Makua, Tsonga, and Lomwe.
Religions
Religious groups include Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Portuguese
Education
Education System
Mozambique's education system follows a structure of primary, secondary, and higher education, with a focus on Portuguese as the language of instruction.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2017)Checked September 29, 2026
10
Government Education Spending
Government expenditure on education accounts for a significant portion of the national budget.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities include Universidade Eduardo Mondlane and Universidade Pedagógica.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Mozambique has a rich and diverse culture influenced by its Bantu heritage, Portuguese colonialism, and interactions with other cultures.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- Dia de Ano Novo (2026-01-01)
- Dia do Heroi Nacional (2026-02-03)
- Dia da Mulher (2026-04-07)
- Dia do Trabalhador (2026-05-01)
- Dia da Independência (2026-06-25)
- Dia da Victória (2026-09-07)
- Dia da Revolução (2026-09-25)
- Dia da Paz e da Reconcialição (2026-10-04)
- Natal (2026-12-25)
Popular Music
Popular music genres include Marrabenta, Afro-pop, and other regional styles.
Traditional Food
Traditional foods include matapa (a stew with cassava leaves, peanuts, and crab) and pão (bread).
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport, along with basketball and athletics.
Major Festivals
Major festivals include the Macua Festival and the Maputo International Film Festival.
Famous People
Famous people include musicians like Stewart Sukuma and artists like Malangatana Ngwenya.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Mozambique has numerous cultural heritage sites reflecting its history and diverse cultures.
UNESCO Sites
Mozambique has UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Island of Mozambique.
Annual Tourist Visits
Around 1-2 million annual tourist visits (pre-pandemic levels).
Tourism Overview
Tourism is growing, focused on beaches, islands, and wildlife.
Top Tourist Attractions
Bazaruto Archipelago, Quirimbas Archipelago, Gorongosa National Park, Maputo Special Reserve.
Famous Cities
Maputo, Beira, Nampula.
National Parks
Gorongosa National Park, Limpopo National Park, Quirimbas National Park.
Protected Areas
Significant areas designated as national parks and reserves.
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
Visa required for most visitors; e-visas available.
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
Exercise a high degree of caution due to crime and potential security concerns in some areas.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index is moderate.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary depending on the service and location.
Number of Hospitals
There are numerous hospitals and clinics throughout the country.
Universal Healthcare
Mozambique's healthcare system is primarily public, with limited access to universal healthcare.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available, with varying levels of quality and accessibility.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available, but access can be limited in some areas.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police is 112.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulances is 112.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire department is 112.
Crime Rate
Mozambique's crime rate index is moderate.
Safety Index
Mozambique's safety index is moderate.
Military Expenditure
Military expenditure accounts for a percentage of the national budget.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services are available, but response times can vary depending on the location and resources.
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
Mozambique's armed forces include the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Electricity access is significantly lower in rural areas than in urban centers.
Water Access
Access to clean water varies across the country, with lower access rates in rural areas.
Sanitation Access
Access to sanitation is a challenge, particularly in rural regions.
Railways
Mozambique has a railway network primarily used for freight transport.
Roadways
Roads vary in quality, with ongoing infrastructure development.
Transportation System
The transportation system includes roads, railways, airports, and ports.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Beira International Airport (BEW), Maputo Airport (MPM), Nampula Airport (APL), Tete Airport (TET), Bazaruto Island Airport (BZB), Benguera Island Airport (BCW)
Ports
Major ports include Maputo, Beira, and Nacala.
Public Transit
Public transit options are available in urban areas, including buses and minibuses.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
20.53#191 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Approximately 70-80 subscriptions per 100 people.
Tech Startups
Growing, but still a developing tech startup ecosystem.
Innovation Index
Relatively low on global innovation indices.
ICT Development Index
Low ICT Development Index ranking.
TV Broadcast Stations
Limited number of TV broadcast stations.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio stations, covering diverse formats.
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
0.29#174 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality data is limited; often poor in urban areas due to industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is a significant concern, especially in urban areas, from sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff.
Renewable Energy Usage
Significant potential for renewable energy; increasing use of hydropower; solar and biomass are also being developed.
Environmental Issues
Deforestation, soil erosion, overfishing, water pollution, and coastal degradation are major environmental challenges.
Natural Hazards
Cyclones, floods, droughts, and earthquakes are common natural hazards.
Waste Management
Waste management infrastructure is inadequate, leading to significant challenges with solid waste disposal and sanitation.
Environmental Agreements
Party to major international environmental agreements, including those on climate change and biodiversity.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions in various countries globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Commonwealth, African Union
Major Treaties
Participates in numerous international treaties related to environmental protection, human rights, and trade.
Visa-Free Countries
Mozambique citizens can travel visa-free to a number of countries, primarily within Africa.