Oman
Region
🌍 Asia
Population
👥 5
Currency
💱 Omani rial
Languages
🗣️ Arabic
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Discover Oman, a land of ancient traditions and breathtaking natural beauty. From the majestic Hajar Mountains and vast deserts to pristine coastlines and vibrant souks, Oman offers an authentic Arabian experience. Explore historic forts, lush wadis, and encounter warm hospitality that will make your journey unforgettable.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Sultanate of Oman
Continent
Asia
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Omani
Independence
Oman's independence was achieved in 1650.
Top-Level Domain
.om
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+968
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+04:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Muscat
ISO Alpha-2
OM
ISO Alpha-3
OMN
UN Code
512
Geographic Coordinates
21,57
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
309,500#72 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
5,398,645#123 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
16.31
Highest Point (m)
Jabal Shams, 3,009 meters.
Lowest Point (m)
Sea level, 0 meters.
Land Use
Agricultural land accounts for approximately 5% of the land area.
Irrigated Land
Approximately 3,800 square kilometers are irrigated.
Coastline Length
1,700 kilometers.
Climate
Hot, dry desert; hot, humid along the coast.
Natural Resources
Petroleum, copper, asbestos, marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
Major Rivers
This country has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This country has no major lakes.
Government Type
Absolute monarchy.
Administrative Divisions
11 governorates.
Legal System
Based on English common law, Islamic law, and local custom.
Chief of State
Sultan Haitham bin Tarik.
Head of Government
The Sultan is also the head of government.
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the Sultan.
Elections
There are no national elections.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court; Courts of Appeal; Courts of First Instance.
Legislative Branch
Bicameral; Council of Oman (Shura Council and State Council).
Major Political Parties
There are no officially recognized political parties.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Omani rial
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
109.6#71 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
232.4#77 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
19,947.4#75 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2.81
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
52.74
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
47.21
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
0.97#152 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2,843,365
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3.25#137 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)
Approximately 45% of GDP (2022 est.)
Budget
The Omani budget primarily relies on oil revenue.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
70.79#55 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
52.26#68 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Sufficient to cover several months of imports.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found on major financial websites.
GDP by Sector
Oil and gas, manufacturing, tourism, and services.
Major Industries
Petroleum, natural gas, construction, and tourism.
Major Export Partners
China, India, United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia.
Major Import Partners
United Arab Emirates, Japan, India, and China.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2022)Checked September 29, 2026
97.34#54 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
16.8
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
1.9
Net Migration Rate
Approximately 2 migrants per 1,000 population (2021 est.)
Median Age
Approximately 28 years (2021 est.)
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
79.48#61 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 1.8% annual rate of change (2020-2025 est.)
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
80.2#51 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
Less than 0.1% (2021 est.)
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
3.49
Ethnic Groups
Arab, Baloch, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), and African.
Religions
Islam (predominantly Ibadi Islam), Hinduism, Christianity.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Arabic
Education
Education System
Oman's education system is structured with primary, preparatory, and secondary levels, followed by higher education.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2019)Checked September 29, 2026
14.3
Government Education Spending
Oman allocates a significant portion of its budget to education, typically around 12% of government expenditure.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Sultan Qaboos University is the premier university in Oman.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Oman's culture is rooted in Islamic traditions, with influences from Arab, African, and Indian cultures, known for its hospitality and traditional values.
National Holidays
National Day (November 18th) and other Islamic holidays are celebrated in Oman.
Popular Music
Traditional Omani music, often featuring string and percussion instruments, is popular, with contemporary music also emerging.
Traditional Food
Traditional Omani food includes shuwa (slow-cooked meat), dates, and various seafood dishes.
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Oman, followed by camel racing and other traditional sports.
Major Festivals
Muscat Festival is a major annual cultural event, alongside other religious festivals.
Famous People
Qaboos bin Said, former Sultan of Oman, is a highly significant figure.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Oman is home to historical forts, castles, and traditional villages that represent its rich heritage.
UNESCO Sites
Oman has several UNESCO World Heritage sites, including the Archaeological Sites of Bat, Al-Khutm, and Al-Ayn, and the Land of Frankincense.
Annual Tourist Visits
Approx. 2.9 million visitors in 2022.
Tourism Overview
Focus on cultural tourism, luxury travel, and natural attractions.
Top Tourist Attractions
Muscat, Nizwa Fort, Wahiba Sands, Ras Al Jinz Turtle Reserve, Salalah.
Famous Cities
Muscat, Salalah, Nizwa, Sohar.
National Parks
Several national parks, including Al Wusta Wildlife Reserve.
Protected Areas
Significant areas designated as protected, focusing on biodiversity conservation.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Oman for pleasant weather is generally from October to April. During these months, the temperatures are cooler and more comfortable, making it ideal for exploring cities like Muscat, Salalah, and Nizwa. Beach lovers will also appreciate this period for enjoying the coastline and water activities. For hiking enthusiasts, the cooler months are perfect for trekking in the Al Hajar Mountains. If you're interested in cultural experiences, visiting during Ramadan might offer unique insights, though some services may have altered hours. The Khareef season in Salalah (June to August) brings lush greenery and cooler temperatures, creating a distinct experience in the southern region.
Tourist Visa Info
Visas available on arrival for many nationalities, e-visas also available.
Visa Requirements Overview
Visa requirements for tourists entering Oman vary significantly depending on your nationality. Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival for a short stay, while others may need to apply for an e-visa in advance. Common tourist visas allow for stays of 10 or 30 days. It's crucial to check the latest regulations specific to your passport well before your travel dates. Transit passengers may also have different visa options. Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay. Always consult the official Omani immigration website or your local embassy for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
Travel Advisory
Generally safe, but travelers should be aware of local laws and customs.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index for Oman is above average.
Medical Cost
Medical costs are generally moderate compared to Western countries.
Number of Hospitals
Oman has a network of hospitals, both public and private, providing healthcare services.
Universal Healthcare
Oman provides universal healthcare to its citizens and residents, primarily through public hospitals and clinics.
Medical Services Overview
Oman has a growing healthcare sector with public and private hospitals and clinics.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available in major cities and towns.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police in Oman is 999.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulances in Oman is 999.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire department in Oman is 999.
Crime Rate
Oman generally has a low crime rate.
Safety Index
Oman has a high safety index due to its low crime rates and stable environment.
Military Expenditure
Oman allocates a significant percentage of its GDP to military expenditure.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Oman are provided through a centralized system that dispatches police, ambulance, and fire services via the 999 number.
Safety Overview
Oman is a very safe country for tourists, with low crime rates. Standard precautions like being aware of your surroundings and securing valuables are always advisable, as they are anywhere. While scams are uncommon, be wary of overly friendly strangers offering unsolicited help or tours, especially in crowded tourist areas. It's wise to dress modestly out of respect for local customs, particularly when visiting religious sites. Traffic can be fast-paced, so exercise caution when crossing roads. Emergency services are reliable and readily available. Generally, tourists can feel very secure and comfortable exploring Oman.
Military Branches
The Royal Army of Oman, Royal Navy of Oman, Royal Air Force of Oman, and Royal Guard of Oman constitute the branches of the Omani military.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Access to electricity is nearly universal in Oman.
Water Access
Access to improved water sources is widespread in Oman.
Sanitation Access
Access to improved sanitation facilities is readily available in Oman.
Railways
Oman is developing its railway infrastructure.
Roadways
Oman has a well-maintained road network connecting major cities and towns.
Transportation System
Oman's transportation system includes a network of roads, airports, and seaports.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Duqm International Airport (DQM), Muscat International Airport (MCT), Salalah International Airport (SLL), Suhar International Airport (OHS), Khasab Airport (KHS), Mussanah Airport (MNH)
Ports
Sohar Port, Salalah Port, and Duqm Port are important seaports.
Public Transit
Public transportation options in Oman, primarily buses, are available but limited compared to other developed countries.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
95.25#30 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
138.8 per 100 people (2022).
Tech Startups
Growing tech startup scene, particularly in fintech and tourism.
Innovation Index
Relatively moderate performance in global innovation rankings.
ICT Development Index
Moderate ICT development, with ongoing efforts to improve digital infrastructure.
TV Broadcast Stations
Multiple television stations, including national and international channels.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio stations broadcasting in Arabic and other languages.
Plug Type & Voltage
Type G, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
18.65#7 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality can be a concern, particularly in urban areas due to industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is a significant issue, stemming from industrial discharge, sewage, and agricultural runoff.
Renewable Energy Usage
Oman is increasing renewable energy usage, focusing on solar and wind power, but it's still developing.
Environmental Issues
Major issues include air and water pollution, desertification, and coastal degradation.
Natural Hazards
Natural hazards include droughts, cyclones, and flash floods.
Waste Management
Waste management faces challenges, including proper disposal and recycling efforts, with increasing waste generation.
Environmental Agreements
Participates in international agreements related to climate change, biodiversity, and pollution.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Has diplomatic missions in numerous countries globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Arab League
Major Treaties
Participates in various international treaties covering trade, human rights, and environment.
Visa-Free Countries
Oman passport holders have visa-free access to a variety of countries, though specifics change.