Tunisia
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 11
Currency
💱 Tunisian dinar
Languages
🗣️ Arabic
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Tunisia, a jewel of North Africa, beckons with a captivating blend of ancient history, stunning Mediterranean coastlines, and vibrant culture. It is globally renowned for its well-preserved Roman ruins, most notably the magnificent city of Carthage and the amphitheater of El Jem. Visitors can expect a diverse landscape, ranging from the golden sands of its southern Sahara Desert to the picturesque beaches of its northern coast. The country also offers charming medinas, bustling souks, and a delicious fusion of Arab, Berber, and European influences in its cuisine and architecture. A first-time visitor will be charmed by the warm hospitality and the ease of navigating its diverse attractions, from historical sites to relaxing seaside resorts. Whether seeking adventure in the desert or tranquility by the sea, Tunisia promises an unforgettable travel experience.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Tunisia
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Tunisian
Independence
March 20, 1956 (from France)
Top-Level Domain
.tn
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+216
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+01:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Tunis
ISO Alpha-2
TN
ISO Alpha-3
TUN
UN Code
788
Geographic Coordinates
34,9
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
163,610#93 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
11,992,843#80 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
78.53
Highest Point (m)
1,544 meters (Mount Jebel ech Chambi)
Lowest Point (m)
0 meters (Mediterranean Sea)
Land Use
Approximately 60% of the land is used for agriculture, with forests and other land uses making up the remainder.
Irrigated Land
Approximately 4,770 square kilometers (2012 estimate)
Coastline Length
1,148 kilometers
Climate
Mediterranean; hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters
Natural Resources
Oil, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Algeria, Libya
Major Rivers
This country has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This country has no major lakes.
Government Type
Semi-presidential republic
Administrative Divisions
24 governorates (wilayat)
Legal System
Civil law system based on French and Islamic law
Chief of State
President Kais Saied
Head of Government
Prime Minister Ahmed Hachani
Cabinet
The Cabinet is appointed by the Prime Minister.
Elections
Presidential elections are held every five years.
Judicial Branch
The Supreme Judicial Council oversees the judiciary.
Legislative Branch
Unicameral Assembly of the Representatives of the People
Major Political Parties
Historically, various political parties have operated, with the political landscape evolving after the 2011 revolution. Details change frequently.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Tunisian dinar
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
57.5#94 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
188.11#82 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4,656.64#141 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
10.29
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
21.96
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
62.69
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
5.15#46 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4,268,286
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
15.11#15 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2012)Checked September 29, 2026
42.52
Budget
Tunisia's budget includes revenues from taxes and expenditures for public services.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
26.83#87 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
31.51#82 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Foreign reserves are maintained by the Central Bank of Tunisia.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found at major banks and online financial platforms.
GDP by Sector
Services, industry, and agriculture contribute to Tunisia's GDP.
Major Industries
Tourism, petroleum, phosphates, textiles, and food processing are major industries.
Major Export Partners
France, Italy, Germany, and the United States are major export partners.
Major Import Partners
France, Italy, China, and Germany are major import partners.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
86.25#112 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
13.4
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
6.1
Net Migration Rate
Approximately -0.6 migrants per 1,000 population (2022 est.)
Median Age
Approximately 34 years (2022 est.)
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
70.7#87 of 214
Urbanization Rate
The urbanization rate is relatively slow.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
76.7#85 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate is low.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
7.99
Ethnic Groups
Primarily Arab and Berber, with small European communities.
Religions
Predominantly Muslim.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Arabic
Education
Education System
The Tunisian education system is based on a structured curriculum, with free and compulsory education for children aged 6-16.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2016)Checked September 29, 2026
15.1
Government Education Spending
Tunisia typically allocates a significant portion of its budget to education, reflecting a commitment to its development.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities in Tunisia include the University of Tunis El Manar and the University of Sfax.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Tunisian culture blends Arab, Berber, and European influences, evident in its architecture, cuisine, and traditions.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- رأس السنة الميلادية (2026-01-01)
- عيد الاستقلال (2026-03-20)
- عيد الشهداء (2026-04-09)
- عيد الشغل (2026-05-01)
- عيد الجمهورية (2026-07-25)
- عيد المرأة (2026-08-13)
- عيد الجلاء (2026-10-15)
- عيد الثورة (2026-12-17)
Popular Music
Popular music genres in Tunisia include traditional Arabic music, as well as influences from modern pop and rap.
Traditional Food
Traditional Tunisian cuisine features dishes like couscous, brik, and tagine, often using olive oil and spices.
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Tunisia, with a strong national team and local leagues.
Major Festivals
Major festivals in Tunisia include the Carthage International Festival and the Dougga International Festival.
Famous People
Famous Tunisians include the fashion designer Azzedine Alaïa, and the writer Albert Memmi.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Tunisia has numerous cultural heritage sites, showcasing its rich history and diverse influences.
UNESCO Sites
Tunisia has several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Medina of Tunis and the Roman ruins of Dougga.
Annual Tourist Visits
Pre-pandemic, Tunisia received millions of tourists annually; numbers have fluctuated.
Tourism Overview
Tourism is a significant sector, with diverse attractions including beaches, historical sites, and desert landscapes.
Top Tourist Attractions
El Jem Amphitheatre, Sahara Desert, Medina of Tunis, Sidi Bou Said, and Dougga.
Famous Cities
Tunis, Sfax, Sousse, and Kairouan are among the most famous cities.
National Parks
Several national parks, including Ichkeul National Park and Boukornine National Park.
Protected Areas
A network of protected areas, encompassing national parks, reserves, and other protected sites.
Best Time to Visit
The prime time to visit Tunisia for pleasant weather and outdoor activities is during the spring (April to May) and autumn (September to October). During these shoulder seasons, temperatures are moderate, making them ideal for exploring the historical sites in cities like Tunis and Carthage without the intense heat of summer. Beach lovers will find late spring and early autumn perfect for swimming and sunbathing, with warm seas and fewer crowds. Hikers and desert enthusiasts might prefer spring for cooler desert temperatures before the extreme summer heat sets in. Summer (June to August) is best for dedicated beach holidays, though it can be very hot inland. Winter (November to March) is milder and suitable for cultural city breaks, though expect occasional rain. Avoid major festival periods if you prefer a quieter experience, or embrace the vibrant atmosphere if you seek cultural immersion.
Tourist Visa Info
Visa requirements vary depending on nationality; many nationalities can enter visa-free or obtain a visa on arrival.
Visa Requirements Overview
Visa requirements for tourists visiting Tunisia vary significantly depending on your nationality. Many nationalities can enter Tunisia visa-free for short stays, typically up to 90 days, for tourism purposes. These often include citizens of European Union countries, the United States, Canada, and Australia. However, it is crucial to verify the specific requirements for your passport well in advance of your travel. For those who do require a visa, applications are usually submitted through the Tunisian embassy or consulate in your country of residence. It's essential to have a valid passport with sufficient remaining validity and often proof of onward or return travel. Always check the latest regulations with official sources before planning your trip.
Travel Advisory
Travel advisories may be in place; check your country's travel advisory for the latest information.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index is moderate.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary depending on the service and provider.
Number of Hospitals
Tunisia has a number of hospitals and clinics throughout the country.
Universal Healthcare
Tunisia has a public healthcare system offering subsidized medical services, with varying levels of accessibility.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available in both public and private sectors.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available in urban areas.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police in Tunisia is 197.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulances in Tunisia is 190.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire department in Tunisia is 198.
Crime Rate
Crime rates in Tunisia are moderate, with petty theft and pickpocketing common in tourist areas.
Safety Index
The safety index for Tunisia is moderate, with some areas safer than others, and petty crime a concern.
Military Expenditure
Tunisia allocates a portion of its budget to military expenditure, supporting its armed forces.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Tunisia are available to respond to a variety of situations.
Safety Overview
Tunisia is generally a safe country for tourists, with the vast majority of visits being trouble-free. However, like any destination, it's wise to be aware of your surroundings. Common minor scams include inflated prices in taxis and souvenir shops, so always agree on a price beforehand or ensure the meter is used. Be cautious in crowded souks and tourist hotspots where pickpocketing can occur; keep valuables secure and out of sight. While security is present in tourist areas, it's advisable to avoid displaying excessive wealth. It's also recommended to dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites, out of respect for local customs. Stick to well-trodden tourist paths, especially at night, and be wary of overly persistent street vendors.
Military Branches
The Tunisian Armed Forces include the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Electricity access is widely available throughout Tunisia.
Water Access
Access to potable water is generally available throughout Tunisia.
Sanitation Access
Access to improved sanitation facilities is available to a large proportion of the population in Tunisia.
Railways
Tunisia has a railway network connecting major cities and regions.
Roadways
Tunisia has a network of roadways, including highways and local roads.
Transportation System
Tunisia's transportation system includes a network of roads, railways, and public transit options.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Djerba Zarzis International Airport (DJE), Tunis Carthage International Airport (TUN), El Borma Airport (EBM), Enfidha - Hammamet International Airport (NBE), Gabès Matmata International Airport (GAE), Gafsa Ksar International Airport (GAF)
Ports
Tunisia has several major ports, including the Port of Tunis and the Port of Sfax.
Public Transit
Public transit in Tunisia includes buses and a light rail system in Tunis.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
76.5#119 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Approximately 110 mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants.
Tech Startups
Growing tech startup ecosystem, particularly in fintech and e-commerce.
Innovation Index
Moderate innovation performance, with room for improvement in areas like R&D and business sophistication.
ICT Development Index
Moderate ICT development, with increasing internet and mobile penetration.
TV Broadcast Stations
Several television broadcast stations, including both public and private channels.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio stations, covering various genres and formats.
Plug Type & Voltage
Type C and E, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
2.62#100 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality is a concern in urban areas, with moderate to unhealthy levels of pollution.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is significant, stemming from industrial waste, sewage, and agricultural runoff.
Renewable Energy Usage
Tunisia is increasing its renewable energy capacity, mainly solar power, but usage is still developing.
Environmental Issues
Major issues include water scarcity, desertification, coastal erosion, and pollution from industrial and agricultural activities.
Natural Hazards
Prone to droughts, heatwaves, flash floods, and coastal erosion.
Waste Management
Waste management faces challenges with inadequate collection and disposal systems, leading to pollution.
Environmental Agreements
Party to numerous international environmental agreements, including climate change, biodiversity, and desertification.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
African Union, Arab League
Major Treaties
Participates in international treaties related to trade, human rights, and environment.
Visa-Free Countries
Tunisia offers visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to citizens of several countries, including some in Africa and Asia.