South Africa
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 63
Currency
💱 South African rand
Languages
🗣️ Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Southern Ndebele, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu
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South Africa, a land of breathtaking diversity, beckons travelers with its iconic landscapes, rich cultural tapestry, and vibrant wildlife. From the majestic Table Mountain overlooking Cape Town to the sprawling savannas of Kruger National Park teeming with the Big Five, adventure and natural beauty abound. Explore the historical significance of Robben Island, indulge in world-class wine tasting in the Cape Winelands, or experience the warmth of its people and the rhythm of its music. South Africa offers an unforgettable journey for every kind of explorer.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of South Africa
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
South African
Independence
710
Top-Level Domain
.za
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+27
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+02:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Pretoria
ISO Alpha-2
ZA
ISO Alpha-3
ZAF
UN Code
710
Geographic Coordinates
-29,24
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
1,221,037#26 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
63,015,904#24 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
52.11
Highest Point (m)
3,450 meters (Mafadi).
Lowest Point (m)
0 meters (Atlantic and Indian Oceans).
Land Use
Primarily agricultural land and natural areas.
Irrigated Land
Significant portions of agricultural land are irrigated.
Coastline Length
2,798 kilometers.
Climate
Varies; mostly arid to semiarid; subtropical along the east coast.
Natural Resources
Gold, chromium, manganese, platinum, diamonds, uranium, coal, iron ore, and asbestos.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, Eswatini, Zimbabwe
Major Rivers
Orange River, Limpopo River, Vaal River.
Major Lakes
Vaal Dam and Lake Sibaya are notable.
Government Type
Parliamentary Republic.
Administrative Divisions
9 provinces.
Legal System
Based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law.
Chief of State
President.
Head of Government
President.
Cabinet
The cabinet is appointed by the President.
Elections
Elections are held regularly to elect the National Assembly.
Judicial Branch
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeal; High Courts.
Legislative Branch
Bicameral Parliament (National Assembly and National Council of Provinces).
Major Political Parties
African National Congress (ANC), Democratic Alliance (DA), Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF).
CurrencySource: REST Countries
South African rand
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
427.18#40 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1,029.85#32 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
6,597.71#124 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2.83
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
24.09
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
63.07
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3.21#92 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
26,731,522
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
32.39#2 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
82.76
Budget
The South African budget is complex and subject to annual revisions; consult official government sources for details.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
134.18#42 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
126.02#43 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Significant foreign reserves held by the Reserve Bank.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates fluctuate; check with banks or online currency converters for the latest information.
GDP by Sector
Services, manufacturing, mining, and agriculture.
Major Industries
Mining, automotive, financial services, tourism, and agriculture.
Major Export Partners
China, Germany, United States, United Kingdom, and Japan.
Major Import Partners
China, Germany, United States, India, and Saudi Arabia.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
91.15#97 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
18.5
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
9.2
Net Migration Rate
Approximately -1 per 1,000 population.
Median Age
Approximately 28 years.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
63.82#111 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 1.5% annual rate of change.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
66.3#180 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
High prevalence; consult WHO and UNAIDS data for the most current figures.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
8.91
Ethnic Groups
Black African, White, Coloured, and Indian/Asian.
Religions
Christianity, traditional African religions, Islam, Hinduism.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Southern Ndebele, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu
Education
Education System
The South African education system is divided into general education and further education and training.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2018)Checked September 29, 2026
13.5
Government Education Spending
Government expenditure on education in South Africa is around 6% of GDP.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities include the University of Cape Town, University of the Witwatersrand, and University of Pretoria.
Culture
Cultural Overview
South Africa is a diverse nation with a rich cultural heritage, influenced by various ethnic groups.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- New Year's Day (2026-01-01)
- Human Rights Day (2026-03-21)
- Good Friday (2026-04-03)
- Family Day (2026-04-06)
- Freedom Day (2026-04-27)
- Workers' Day (2026-05-01)
- Youth Day (2026-06-16)
- National Women's Day (2026-08-10)
- Heritage Day (2026-09-24)
- Election Day (2026-11-04)
- Day of Reconciliation (2026-12-16)
- Christmas Day (2026-12-25)
Popular Music
Popular music genres include Kwaito, Afro-pop, and Gospel.
Traditional Food
Traditional foods include biltong, boerewors, and braaied meats.
Sports
Popular sports include soccer, rugby, and cricket.
Major Festivals
Major festivals include the National Arts Festival and the Cape Town International Jazz Festival.
Famous People
Famous people include Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu, and Elon Musk.
Cultural Heritage Sites
South Africa has numerous cultural heritage sites, showcasing its diverse history.
UNESCO Sites
South Africa has multiple UNESCO World Heritage sites, including Robben Island and the Cradle of Humankind.
Annual Tourist Visits
Millions of tourists annually; fluctuates based on global events and seasons.
Tourism Overview
Significant tourism sector, driven by wildlife, natural beauty, and cultural experiences.
Top Tourist Attractions
Kruger National Park, Table Mountain, Cape Town, Garden Route.
Famous Cities
Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban, Pretoria.
National Parks
Kruger National Park, Table Mountain National Park, Addo Elephant National Park.
Protected Areas
Extensive network of national parks, reserves, and protected areas.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit South Africa truly depends on your chosen activities and regions. For wildlife viewing, especially in Kruger National Park, the dry winter months from May to October offer the best chances to spot animals congregating around waterholes. City breaks in Cape Town and the Garden Route are delightful year-round, but spring (September to November) and autumn (March to May) provide pleasant temperatures and fewer crowds. Beach lovers will enjoy the warmer summer months from December to February, particularly along the KwaZulu-Natal coast. Hiking in the Drakensberg Mountains is ideal during spring and autumn for cooler weather and stunning scenery. For wine tasting in the Cape Winelands, both spring and autumn offer beautiful landscapes and harvest festivals.
Tourist Visa Info
Visa requirements vary by nationality; check specific country regulations.
Visa Requirements Overview
Visa requirements for South Africa vary significantly depending on your nationality and the duration of your stay. Many nationalities can enter South Africa visa-free for short tourist stays, typically up to 90 days. Citizens of certain countries may need to apply for a tourist visa in advance. It is crucial to check the specific requirements for your passport well before your travel date, as these rules are subject to change. Some visitors may also need to provide proof of onward travel and sufficient funds. For longer stays or different purposes, different visa categories will apply, necessitating separate applications and potentially more documentation.
Travel Advisory
Exercise caution due to crime; monitor travel advisories.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index varies; South Africa offers both public and private healthcare.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary significantly between public and private healthcare systems.
Number of Hospitals
South Africa has many hospitals; figures vary depending on the data source.
Universal Healthcare
South Africa has a two-tiered healthcare system, with both public and private options.
Medical Services Overview
South Africa has a dual healthcare system, with public and private sectors, offering a range of services.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available in urban areas; access can be limited in rural regions.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police is 10111.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulances is 10177.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire department is 10177.
Crime Rate
South Africa has a relatively high crime rate.
Safety Index
The safety index is relatively low due to a high crime rate.
Military Expenditure
Military expenditure is a percentage of GDP, reflecting defense priorities.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services are available throughout the country, with varying response times.
Safety Overview
South Africa is a popular tourist destination, and most visitors enjoy safe and memorable trips. However, like any country, it's wise to be aware of your surroundings. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, can occur in busy urban areas and tourist hotspots; keeping valuables secure and out of sight is advisable. It's generally recommended to avoid walking alone in isolated areas or at night, especially in city centers. Taxis or ride-sharing services are a safer option for late-night transport. While carjacking is a concern, it is rare for tourists; keep car doors locked while driving and be aware of your surroundings when stopping. Research specific areas you plan to visit and follow local advice for a secure experience.
Military Branches
The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) comprises the Army, Air Force, Navy, and Military Health Service.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Electricity access is widespread in urban areas, but challenges remain in some rural areas.
Water Access
Access to clean water is available to most South Africans, with variations in quality and availability.
Sanitation Access
Sanitation access varies, with urban areas generally having better access than rural areas.
Railways
South Africa has a railway network primarily used for freight, with some passenger services.
Roadways
South Africa has an extensive road network, including national highways.
Transportation System
South Africa has a well-developed transportation system, including roads, railways, and airports.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Bram Fischer International Airport (BFN), Cape Town International Airport (CPT), Chief Dawid Stuurman International Airport (PLZ), George Airport (GRJ), Kimberley Airport (KIM), King Phalo Airport (ELS)
Ports
Major ports include Durban, Richards Bay, and Cape Town.
Public Transit
Public transit includes buses, trains, and taxis in major cities.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
78.36#112 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
165 per 100 people (2022).
Tech Startups
Growing tech startup ecosystem, particularly in FinTech and e-commerce.
Innovation Index
Ranked relatively well within Africa; significant focus on innovation.
ICT Development Index
Moderate ICT Development Index score; improving connectivity.
TV Broadcast Stations
Numerous TV broadcast stations, including public and private channels.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Extensive radio broadcasting, with many stations in various languages.
Plug Type & Voltage
Type M, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
6.88#36 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality varies, often poor in urban areas due to industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust.
Water Pollution Level
Significant water pollution, particularly from mining activities, industrial discharge, and sewage.
Renewable Energy Usage
Growing renewable energy sector, with solar and wind power increasing but coal remains dominant.
Environmental Issues
Major issues include air and water pollution, deforestation, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss.
Natural Hazards
Droughts, floods, and veld fires are common natural hazards.
Waste Management
Waste management faces challenges; landfills are common, and recycling rates are relatively low.
Environmental Agreements
Party to major international environmental agreements.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
G20, Commonwealth, African Union, BRICS
Major Treaties
Participates in numerous international treaties.
Visa-Free Countries
Offers visa-free access to a number of countries, varying based on passport type.