Cyprus
Region
🌍 Europe
Population
👥 983
Currency
💱 Euro
Languages
🗣️ Greek, Turkish
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Cyprus, the third-largest island nation in the Mediterranean, beckons with a compelling blend of ancient history, sun-drenched beaches, and vibrant modern culture. This island paradise is renowned for its mythological birthplace of Aphrodite, offering visitors a chance to step back in time at UNESCO World Heritage sites and explore charming villages. Expect a warm, Mediterranean climate, delicious cuisine influenced by Greek and Turkish flavors, and a relaxed island pace of life. From the bustling tourist hubs of the south to the rugged mountains and serene coastlines, Cyprus offers diverse experiences for every type of traveler. Whether you seek archaeological wonders, water sports adventures, or simply a relaxing beach holiday, Cyprus delivers an unforgettable Mediterranean escape. A first-time visitor will likely be struck by the island's friendly hospitality and its captivating blend of natural beauty and rich cultural heritage.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Cyprus
Continent
Europe
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Cypriot
Independence
August 16, 1960 (from the UK)
Top-Level Domain
.cy
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+357
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+02:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Nicosia
ISO Alpha-2
CY
ISO Alpha-3
CYP
UN Code
196
Geographic Coordinates
35,33
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
9,251#170 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
983,000#160 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
145.56
Highest Point (m)
1,952 meters (Mount Olympus)
Lowest Point (m)
0 meters (Mediterranean Sea)
Land Use
Agricultural land comprises about 47% of the total land area.
Irrigated Land
Approximately 440 square kilometers.
Coastline Length
648 kilometers
Climate
Temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Natural Resources
Copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigments
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
No land borders
Major Rivers
This country has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This country has no major lakes.
Government Type
Republic
Administrative Divisions
6 districts
Legal System
Based on English common law, modified to accommodate civil law principles.
Chief of State
President Nikos Christodoulides
Head of Government
President Nikos Christodoulides (as Head of State and Head of Government)
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the President.
Elections
Presidential elections are held every five years.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court
Legislative Branch
Unicameral House of Representatives
Major Political Parties
Democratic Rally, Progressive Party of Working People (AKEL), Democratic Party, EDEK
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Euro
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
41.23#105 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
63.71#127 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
41,783.09#39 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1.12
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
11.15
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
76.85
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
0.13#174 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
770,268
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4.92#101 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (1994)Checked September 29, 2026
53.65
Budget
The government's annual budget is approximately $8-10 billion.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
40.23#72 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
37.9#72 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Around $5-6 billion.
Currency Exchange
Visit a reputable financial website or bank for current exchange rates.
GDP by Sector
Services (80%), Industry (15%), Agriculture (5%).
Major Industries
Tourism, shipping, financial services, real estate, and light manufacturing.
Major Export Partners
Greece, United Kingdom, and Germany.
Major Import Partners
Greece, United Kingdom, and Italy.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
98.68#35 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
10.5
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
7
Net Migration Rate
Positive, with around 2-4 migrants per 1,000 population.
Median Age
Approximately 40 years.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
66.7#100 of 214
Urbanization Rate
The urbanization rate is relatively stable.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
81.8#39 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
The prevalence rate is very low.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
8.12
Ethnic Groups
Greek Cypriots (77%), Turkish Cypriots (18%), and other (5%).
Religions
Predominantly Eastern Orthodox Christian, with a Muslim minority.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Greek, Turkish
Education
Education System
Public and private schools. Compulsory education from ages 5 to 15.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2018)Checked September 29, 2026
15.4
Government Education Spending
Around 7-8% of GDP.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
University of Cyprus, Cyprus University of Technology.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Blend of Greek and Middle Eastern influences, with a strong emphasis on family and community.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- Πρωτοχρονιά (2026-01-01)
- Θεοφάνεια (2026-01-06)
- Καθαρή Δευτέρα (2026-02-23)
- Επέτειος Ελληνικής Ανεξαρτησίας (2026-03-25)
- Κυπριακή Εθνική Επέτειος (2026-04-01)
- Μεγάλη Παρασκευή (2026-04-10)
- Δευτέρα της Διακαινησίμου (2026-04-13)
- Τρίτη της Διακαινησίμου (2026-04-14)
- Πρωτομαγιά (2026-05-01)
- Αγίου Πνεύματος (2026-05-31)
- Δευτέρα Πεντηκοστής (2026-06-01)
- Η Κοίμησις της Θεοτόκου (2026-08-15)
Popular Music
Mix of Greek, Turkish, and international pop music.
Traditional Food
Halloumi cheese, souvlaki, meze, sheftalia.
Sports
Football (soccer), basketball, and water sports are popular.
Major Festivals
Kataklysmos (Flood Festival), Carnival celebrations.
Famous People
Michael Cacoyannis (film director), Anna Vissi (singer).
Cultural Heritage Sites
Ancient ruins, Byzantine churches, Venetian architecture.
UNESCO Sites
Paphos, Painted Churches in the Troodos Region.
Annual Tourist Visits
around 4 million/year
Tourism Overview
Cyprus caters to a wide range of travelers, from history buffs and archaeology enthusiasts to sun-seekers and adventure lovers. Typical trip styles include relaxing beach holidays, cultural tours focusing on ancient ruins and monasteries, and active pursuits like hiking in the Troodos Mountains or water sports along the coast. The main tourist regions are concentrated in the south, with cities like Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca offering extensive amenities, while the rugged north provides a more untouched and traditional experience. The island's highlights include its remarkably preserved ancient sites, stunning natural landscapes, and delicious Mediterranean cuisine. Cyprus is particularly well-suited for couples, families, and solo travelers looking for a safe and accessible European destination with a rich history and beautiful scenery.
Top Tourist Attractions
- Tombs of the Kings in Paphos
- Ancient Kourion archaeological site
- Troodos Mountains and painted churches
- Cape Greco National Forest Park
- The ancient city of Salamis (North)
- Kykkos Monastery
- Paphos Mosaics
- Nissi Beach in Ayia Napa
- The Venetian Walls of Nicosia
- Choirokoitia Neolithic Settlement
Famous Cities
Nicosia, the divided capital, offers a unique experience of exploring both the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, with its Venetian walls and vibrant markets. Limassol is a cosmopolitan hub known for its marina, wine routes, and lively nightlife, making it a popular choice for modern travelers. Paphos, a UNESCO World Heritage city, is famed for its ancient mosaics, Tombs of the Kings, and the legendary birthplace of Aphrodite. Larnaca boasts a beautiful palm-lined promenade, the historic Church of St. Lazarus, and a salt lake that attracts flamingos in winter. Ayia Napa, while famous for its nightlife, also offers stunning beaches like Nissi Beach, ideal for sun-seekers and water sports enthusiasts. Protaras is another coastal gem, known for its crystal-clear waters and family-friendly beaches, including the picturesque Fig Tree Bay.
National Parks
- Troodos National Forest Park
- Cape Greco National Forest Park
- Akamas National Forest Park
- Limni National Forest Park
Protected Areas
—
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Cyprus largely depends on your preferred activities. For beach holidays and swimming, the summer months from June to September offer hot, sunny weather perfect for the coast. Spring (April to May) and autumn (October to November) are ideal for sightseeing, hiking, and exploring ancient sites, with pleasant temperatures and fewer crowds. The shoulder seasons also boast blooming wildflowers in spring and beautiful autumn colors in the mountains. For those interested in winter sun and birdwatching, the months of December to February can be mild, especially along the coast, with the salt lakes attracting flamingos. Festivals and cultural events are spread throughout the year, with Easter often being a significant period for traditional celebrations.
Tourist Visa Info
While many nationalities can enter Cyprus for short tourist stays without a visa, it's essential to verify your specific requirements. Ensure your passport is valid for at least three months beyond your intended stay and has at least two blank pages. If a visa is required, you'll typically need to apply in advance at a Cypriot embassy or consulate, providing proof of accommodation, onward travel, and sufficient financial means. Citizens of EU countries can enter and stay without restrictions. The visa information can change, so consulting official sources before travel is highly recommended.
Visa Requirements Overview
Citizens of the European Union can travel to Cyprus visa-free. For most other nationalities, including citizens of the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, and many Asian countries, short-stay tourist visas are generally not required for stays up to 90 days within a 180-day period, as Cyprus is part of the Schengen Area for short stays (though it is not fully in the Schengen zone for all purposes). However, visa requirements can vary significantly depending on your nationality and the purpose of your visit. It is crucial to check the latest visa regulations with the Cypriot embassy or consulate in your home country well in advance of your travel. Some nationalities may require a visa, and specific conditions apply, such as having a valid passport and sufficient funds.
Travel Advisory
Cyprus is a popular and generally safe tourist destination with a low risk of serious crime. Travelers should exercise common sense precautions, such as being aware of their surroundings in crowded places and securing their belongings. Driving on the left requires careful attention, especially for those unaccustomed to it. It's advisable to stay informed about local weather conditions, particularly during the summer months when heatwaves and potential wildfires can occur. Respecting local customs and laws will ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip. For any immediate concerns, the emergency services are readily available.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
Cyprus generally has a good healthcare quality index.
Medical Cost
Medical costs are relatively moderate compared to other European countries.
Number of Hospitals
There are several hospitals and clinics throughout Cyprus.
Universal Healthcare
Cyprus has a National Health System (Gesy) providing universal healthcare access.
Medical Services Overview
Cyprus offers a mix of public and private healthcare services.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available and generally accessible.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
199
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
199
Emergency Number (Fire)
199
Crime Rate
—
Safety Index
—
Military Expenditure
—
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Cyprus are efficient and readily accessible. Tourists in need of urgent medical assistance should contact the ambulance service. For any criminal activity or security concerns, the police are available. In case of a fire, the fire brigade can be reached through the central emergency number. It is advisable to have these numbers saved in your phone for quick access. If you are involved in or witness an accident, contacting the appropriate emergency service is the first step. The emergency number is a unified system that can direct your call to the relevant service.
Safety Overview
Cyprus is generally a very safe country for tourists, with low crime rates. Common tourist scams are rare, but like anywhere, it's wise to be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded tourist areas. Pickpocketing can occur in busy markets or popular attractions, so keeping valuables secure is recommended. Be cautious when exchanging money to ensure you get fair rates. Respect local customs and traditions, particularly when visiting religious sites. Driving on the left requires extra attention, especially if you are not accustomed to it. Overall, visitors can expect a secure and welcoming environment for their travels.
Military Branches
—
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
—
Water Access
—
Sanitation Access
—
Railways
No railways.
Roadways
Cyprus has a well-maintained road network, especially the main highways connecting major cities. Driving is on the left-hand side, which can be an adjustment for visitors from right-hand driving countries. Roads in rural and mountainous areas, particularly in the Troodos region, can be winding and narrow, requiring cautious driving. Tolls are generally not a significant issue on most public roads, though some private roads or parking facilities may have charges. Self-driving is a very good idea for tourists who wish to explore the island at their own pace, access remote beaches, and visit smaller villages not well-served by public transport. It offers the greatest flexibility and convenience for discovering Cyprus's diverse attractions.
Transportation System
Road network, buses, and taxis are common. No railway.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Ercan International Airport (ECN), Larnaca International Airport (LCA), Paphos International Airport (PFO), Geçitkale Airbase (GEC), RAF Akrotiri (AKT)
Ports
—
Public Transit
Public transportation in Cyprus is primarily a bus system, with reliable services connecting major cities and towns. Intercity buses are frequent and comfortable, offering a cost-effective way to travel between destinations like Nicosia, Limassol, Paphos, and Larnaca. Within cities, local bus networks serve most areas, though routes and frequencies can be less comprehensive outside the main urban centers. Ticketing is usually pay-as-you-go, with single tickets and day passes available. For tourists, understanding the schedules and routes beforehand is beneficial, especially for exploring smaller villages. While taxis are readily available, they can be more expensive for longer distances compared to the bus. Car rental remains a popular option for maximum flexibility in exploring the island.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
89.6#64 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
—
Tech Startups
—
Innovation Index
—
ICT Development Index
—
TV Broadcast Stations
—
Radio Broadcast Stations
—
Plug Type & Voltage
Type G, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
5.4#47 of 202
Air Quality Index
Generally good, with some seasonal variations and potential for localized pollution in urban centers.
Water Pollution Level
Coastal waters are generally clean and safe for swimming, with many beaches awarded Blue Flags; inland water sources should be treated with caution.
Renewable Energy Usage
—
Environmental Issues
—
Natural Hazards
Cyprus experiences a Mediterranean climate, which means summers can be very hot with a risk of heatstroke. Wildfires can occur during the dry summer months, particularly in forested areas; it's important to heed any fire warnings. While earthquakes are infrequent, the island is located in a seismically active region, so preparedness is advised. Heavy rainfall can sometimes lead to localized flooding, especially in urban areas with inadequate drainage. Coastal erosion is also a factor affecting some beaches.
Waste Management
Waste management in Cyprus is improving, with recycling bins becoming more common in major cities and tourist areas. Travelers should look for separate bins for paper, plastic, glass, and general waste. It's appreciated if visitors help by disposing of their waste responsibly and avoiding littering, especially in natural areas. Many hotels and accommodations will provide guidance on their specific recycling policies. Being mindful of waste helps preserve the island's natural beauty for everyone.
Environmental Agreements
—
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
—
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
EU, Eurozone, Commonwealth
Major Treaties
—
Visa-Free Countries
—