Djibouti
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 1
Currency
💱 Djiboutian franc
Languages
🗣️ Arabic, French
This mark means a fact is linked to a checked source. Hover or tap it to see the source. 34 of 141 facts on this page are sourced.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Djibouti
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Djibouti
Independence
June 27, 1977
Top-Level Domain
.dj
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+253
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+03:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Djibouti
ISO Alpha-2
DJ
ISO Alpha-3
DJI
UN Code
262
Geographic Coordinates
11.5,43
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
23,200#151 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
1,066,809#159 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
49.74
Highest Point (m)
Mount Moussa, 2,028 meters
Lowest Point (m)
Lake Assal, -155 meters
Land Use
Mostly barren desert, with sparse vegetation.
Irrigated Land
Limited irrigated land due to arid conditions.
Coastline Length
314 kilometers
Climate
Hot and arid desert climate with little rainfall.
Natural Resources
Salt, geothermal energy, and limited mineral deposits.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia
Major Rivers
This country has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This country has no major lakes.
Government Type
Presidential republic
Administrative Divisions
5 regions and 1 city.
Legal System
Based on French civil law and Islamic law.
Chief of State
President Ismail Omar Guelleh
Head of Government
Prime Minister Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the President.
Elections
Presidential elections are held every five years.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court, courts of appeal, and first-instance courts.
Legislative Branch
Unicameral National Assembly.
Major Political Parties
People's Rally for Progress (RPP) is the dominant party.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Djiboutian franc
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4.62#170 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
10.01#163 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3,905.6#151 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2.27
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
16.58
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
75.66
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
-0.31#183 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
267,610
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
26.02#3 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)
Approximately 44% of GDP (2022 estimate).
Budget
Revenues primarily from taxes and port fees; expenditures focus on infrastructure, social services, and defense.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
5.11#132 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
4.43#144 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Significant reserves due to its strategic port.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found online or at local banks and exchange bureaus.
GDP by Sector
Primarily services (port, trade, and finance), with contributions from construction, transport, and agriculture.
Major Industries
Shipping, construction, services, and livestock.
Major Export Partners
Somalia, Ethiopia, and Saudi Arabia.
Major Import Partners
China, India, and Saudi Arabia.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)
Approximately 70% (2018 estimate).
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
20.9
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
7.5
Net Migration Rate
Approximately 0 migrants per 1,000 population (2021 estimate).
Median Age
Approximately 23 years (2021 estimate).
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
72.98#78 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 2.5% annual rate of change (2021 estimate).
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
66.2#183 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
Approximately 1.9% of adults (2021 estimate).
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
2.28
Ethnic Groups
Somali (60%), Afar (35%), and French, Arab, and Italian (5%).
Religions
Islam (predominantly Sunni) and a small Christian minority.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Arabic, French
Education
Education System
Education system is divided into primary, secondary, and higher education. French and Arabic are the languages of instruction.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
6.5
Government Education Spending
Government spending on education is relatively low.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
University of Djibouti.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Djiboutian culture blends Somali, Afar, and Arab influences. Islamic traditions are prevalent.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- New Year's Day (2026-01-01)
- Labour Day (2026-05-01)
- Independence Day (2026-06-27)
Popular Music
Music influenced by Somali, Afar, and Arabic traditions, often featuring traditional instruments.
Traditional Food
Dishes often include lamb, goat, rice, and dates, with spices from the region. The staple food is often rice.
Sports
Football is the most popular sport. Track and field is also prevalent.
Major Festivals
Religious festivals, such as Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha.
Famous People
Ali Guelleh, Ismail Omar Guelleh.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Not many internationally recognized sites.
UNESCO Sites
None.
Annual Tourist Visits
—
Tourism Overview
—
Top Tourist Attractions
—
Famous Cities
—
National Parks
—
Protected Areas
—
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
—
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
—
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
Healthcare quality is generally below global averages.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary depending on the facility and services provided; private healthcare is available.
Number of Hospitals
There are several hospitals and clinics in Djibouti.
Universal Healthcare
Limited universal healthcare coverage, with significant reliance on out-of-pocket payments.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services include hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies; access to quality care can be limited outside the capital.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available, but response times can vary.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
—
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
—
Emergency Number (Fire)
—
Crime Rate
—
Safety Index
—
Military Expenditure
—
Emergency Services Overview
—
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
—
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
—
Water Access
—
Sanitation Access
—
Railways
No operational railways.
Roadways
—
Transportation System
Roads are the primary mode of transport. Public transport is limited. Transportation infrastructure development is ongoing.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Djibouti-Ambouli Airport (JIB)
Ports
—
Public Transit
—
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
65.3#144 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
—
Tech Startups
—
Innovation Index
—
ICT Development Index
—
TV Broadcast Stations
—
Radio Broadcast Stations
—
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
0.77#147 of 202
Air Quality Index
—
Water Pollution Level
—
Renewable Energy Usage
—
Environmental Issues
—
Natural Hazards
—
Waste Management
—
Environmental Agreements
—
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
—
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
African Union, Arab League
Major Treaties
—
Visa-Free Countries
—