Algeria
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 47
Currency
💱 Algerian dinar
Languages
🗣️ Arabic
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Algeria, the largest country in Africa, offers a captivating blend of ancient history, vibrant culture, and breathtaking natural landscapes. Visitors can explore the remnants of Roman civilizations, wander through the labyrinthine medinas of its historic cities, and venture into the vast, awe-inspiring Sahara Desert. The Mediterranean coast presents a different allure with its sandy beaches and charming seaside towns. A first-time visitor should expect a country rich in tradition, where hospitality is paramount, and a journey can range from urban exploration to profound desert adventures. Prepare to be immersed in a unique cultural tapestry shaped by Berber, Arab, and Mediterranean influences.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Algerian
Independence
July 5, 1962 (from France)
Top-Level Domain
.dz
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+213
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+01:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Algiers
ISO Alpha-2
DZ
ISO Alpha-3
DZA
UN Code
12
Geographic Coordinates
28,3
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
2,381,741#11 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
47,400,000#32 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
19.38
Highest Point (m)
Djebel Tahat, 3,003 m
Lowest Point (m)
Chott Melrhir, -40 m
Land Use
73.9% desert, wasteland, or pasture; 3.7% arable land (2018 estimate)
Irrigated Land
4,100 sq km (2012)
Coastline Length
998 km
Climate
Primarily arid to semi-arid; mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers along the coast
Natural Resources
Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Mali, Morocco
Major Rivers
This country has no major rivers.
Major Lakes
This country has no major lakes.
Government Type
Semi-presidential republic
Administrative Divisions
58 provinces (wilayas)
Legal System
Based on French civil law and Islamic law
Chief of State
President Abdelmadjid Tebboune
Head of Government
Prime Minister Aïmene Benabderrahmane
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections
Presidential elections are held every five years; legislative elections are also held.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court; Constitutional Council
Legislative Branch
Bicameral Parliament: National People's Assembly (lower house) and Council of the Nation (upper house)
Major Political Parties
National Liberation Front (FLN), National Democratic Rally (RND), Movement of Society for Peace (MSP)
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Algerian dinar
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
287.03#51 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
881.65#38 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
6,051#128 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
14.51
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
34.8
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
45.68
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1.42#143 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
13,556,625
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
11.63#28 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)
Algeria's public debt is approximately 40% of GDP.
Budget
Algeria's annual budget is primarily supported by oil and gas revenues.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
48.32#67 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
63.56#61 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Algeria holds substantial foreign reserves, approximately $60-70 billion USD.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found at major banks and online financial platforms.
GDP by Sector
The Algerian economy is primarily driven by the hydrocarbon sector, with significant contributions from industry and services.
Major Industries
Major industries include petroleum, natural gas, mining, and tourism.
Major Export Partners
Major export partners include Italy, Spain, France, and the United States.
Major Import Partners
Major import partners include France, China, Italy, and Spain.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2008)Checked September 29, 2026
75.14#130 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
18.8
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
4.6
Net Migration Rate
Algeria's net migration rate is slightly negative.
Median Age
The median age in Algeria is approximately 29 years.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
75.82#71 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Algeria's urbanization rate is approximately 1.5% annually.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
76.5#89 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in Algeria is very low.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
4.35
Ethnic Groups
The population is predominantly Arab-Berber.
Religions
Islam is the state religion.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Arabic
Education
Education System
Public education is free; compulsory from ages 6 to 15; includes primary, secondary, and higher education.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
14.3
Government Education Spending
Significant portion of GDP allocated to education.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
University of Algiers, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, and others.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Blend of Arab, Berber, and French influences; rich history reflected in art, music, and architecture.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- New Year's Day (2026-01-01)
- Amazigh New Year (2026-01-12)
- Labour Day (2026-05-01)
- Independence Day (2026-07-05)
- Revolution Day (2026-11-01)
Popular Music
Raï music is globally recognized; also includes Chaabi and other genres.
Traditional Food
Couscous, tagine, and various stews are staples; influences from Arab, Berber, and French cuisines.
Sports
Football is the most popular sport; also includes handball, basketball, and athletics.
Major Festivals
Various cultural and religious festivals throughout the year; including the International Film Festival of Algiers.
Famous People
Albert Camus, Zinedine Zidane, Rachid Taha, and others.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Kasbah of Algiers, Roman ruins, and other historical sites.
UNESCO Sites
Djémila, Kasbah of Algiers, M'Zab Valley, Tassili n'Ajjer National Park, Tipasa and Timgad.
Annual Tourist Visits
around 2 million/year
Tourism Overview
Algeria's tourism appeals to adventurous travelers seeking authentic cultural experiences and diverse landscapes. The primary draws are its rich historical sites, from Roman ruins to UNESCO-listed medinas, and the unparalleled beauty of the Sahara Desert. Popular trip styles include cultural city tours, desert expeditions, and exploring archaeological wonders. The coastal regions offer a more relaxed pace with beaches and seafood. Travelers interested in history, archaeology, desert adventures, and off-the-beaten-path destinations will find Algeria particularly rewarding. It's a destination that requires a bit more planning but offers profound rewards for those who venture here.
Top Tourist Attractions
- The Casbah of Algiers: A historic walled city with narrow winding streets and traditional houses.
- Roman Ruins of Timgad: A remarkably well-preserved ancient Roman-Berber city.
- Djemila: Another impressive Roman archaeological site set in a mountainous landscape.
- Notre Dame d'Afrique: A beautiful basilica overlooking the Bay of Algiers.
- The Sahara Desert: Vast expanses offering incredible landscapes and opportunities for desert treks.
- Hoggar Mountains: Dramatic volcanic peaks in the heart of the Sahara.
- Ghardaia: A unique M'zab Valley city known for its distinctive architecture and traditional culture.
- El Oued: 'The City of a Thousand Domes,' known for its unique desert architecture.
- Tibhirine Monastery: A place of historical significance known for the tragic events of the 1990s.
- Tipaza: Coastal Roman ruins with amphitheaters and basilicas.
Famous Cities
Algiers, the capital, is a bustling metropolis known for its stunning Casbah, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and its blend of colonial architecture and modern life. Oran, on the Mediterranean coast, offers a lively atmosphere, beautiful beaches, and a rich Andalusian heritage, famous for its Rai music. Constantine, perched dramatically on a rocky plateau, is renowned for its picturesque bridges spanning deep gorges and its ancient Roman ruins like the Timgad. Annaba, another coastal gem, boasts historical sites and beautiful beaches, serving as an important port. Tlemcen, close to the Moroccan border, is a cultural hub with beautiful mosques and traditional crafts.
National Parks
- Tassili n'Ajjer National Park: A vast desert landscape with prehistoric rock art and unique rock formations.
- Djurdjura National Park: Home to the cedar forests of the Atlas Mountains and diverse wildlife.
- Belezma National Park: Protects the last remnants of the Atlas cedar and is a biodiversity hotspot.
- El Kala National Park: A coastal park featuring wetlands, lakes, and rich birdlife.
- Thaya National Park: Offers scenic mountain views and diverse flora and fauna.
- Gouraya National Park: Coastal park with mountains and sea views, rich in plant diversity.
Protected Areas
—
Best Time to Visit
For exploring cities like Algiers and its historical sites, spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) offer pleasant temperatures. The coast is best enjoyed from June to August for beach activities, though it can be quite hot. Desert expeditions, particularly to the Sahara, are ideal during the cooler months, from October to April, to avoid extreme heat. For those interested in festivals, checking local event calendars for spring and autumn is recommended. Winter (December-February) can be cooler and wetter, especially in the north, but still suitable for cultural exploration.
Tourist Visa Info
Tourist visas for Algeria typically require an application form, passport photos, a valid passport, and proof of accommodation and onward travel. Some nationalities may also need an invitation letter, especially if not booking through a recognized tour operator. Visa processing can take several weeks, so it's essential to apply well in advance of your intended travel date. Always double-check the specific requirements for your nationality with the Algerian embassy or consulate. Visa fees are subject to change.
Visa Requirements Overview
Tourist visa requirements for Algeria vary significantly based on your nationality. Many nationalities require a visa obtained in advance from an Algerian embassy or consulate in their home country or country of residence. Some nationalities may be eligible for visa-on-arrival under specific circumstances, but this is not guaranteed and always requires prior verification. It is crucial to check the latest regulations with the Algerian diplomatic mission nearest to you well before your travel dates. Processing times can also vary, so apply early.
Travel Advisory
Travelers to Algeria should be aware of the current security situation, particularly in border regions and remote desert areas, and heed official travel advisories. It is recommended to stay informed about local news and cultural norms. Respect local customs and dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. It is advisable to arrange tours and accommodation through reliable and established providers. Informing your embassy of your travel plans can be beneficial for safety.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index in Algeria is moderate.
Medical Cost
Medical costs in Algeria vary depending on the service and location.
Number of Hospitals
There are numerous hospitals throughout Algeria.
Universal Healthcare
Universal healthcare system with public and private options; access can vary.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available in both public and private sectors.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available in urban areas.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
17
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
14
Emergency Number (Fire)
18
Crime Rate
—
Safety Index
—
Military Expenditure
—
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Algeria are available nationwide. In case of a medical emergency, ambulance services can be contacted. For police assistance or to report a crime, the police emergency number is active. Fire services are also available for emergencies like fires or rescues. It is advisable to have local emergency numbers saved on your phone. Tourists should clearly state their location and the nature of the emergency when calling.
Safety Overview
Algeria is generally safe for tourists who exercise common sense precautions. Be mindful of your belongings in crowded areas and tourist spots to avoid petty theft. While violent crime against tourists is rare, it's wise to avoid walking alone in poorly lit or deserted areas at night. Scams are uncommon but can include overcharging by some taxi drivers. It's advisable to stick to reputable accommodations and tour operators. Informing someone of your itinerary, especially if venturing into remote areas, is a good practice.
Military Branches
—
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
—
Water Access
—
Sanitation Access
—
Railways
Developing railway network, connecting major cities.
Roadways
Algeria's main highways are generally in good condition, especially the major east-west routes. However, rural roads can be narrow, winding, and poorly maintained, requiring cautious driving. Driving is on the right side of the road. Self-driving can be challenging for first-time visitors due to varied driving habits and road conditions outside of major arteries. Tolls are present on some of the newer highways. Renting a car with a driver can be a more relaxed and safer option for exploring, especially in remote areas.
Transportation System
Includes roads, railways, and air travel; public transport is available in cities.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport (TMR), Annaba Rabah Bitat Airport (AAE), Batna Mostefa Ben Boulaid Airport (BLJ), Biskra - Mohamed Khider Airport (BSK), Chlef Aboubakr Belkaid International Airport (CFK), Houari Boumediene Airport (ALG)
Ports
—
Public Transit
Major cities like Algiers, Oran, and Constantine have developing public transport systems. Algiers boasts a modern metro and tram network, which are efficient for navigating the city center. Buses operate extensively within cities and connect to surrounding areas, though they can be crowded and less predictable. Taxis are widely available and a convenient option, but it's advisable to agree on a fare before starting your journey or ensure the meter is used. Ticketing for metros and trams is usually done via rechargeable cards purchased at stations. Tourists should be aware that schedules can be flexible and public transport may be less frequent outside of peak hours.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
77.42#114 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
—
Tech Startups
—
Innovation Index
—
ICT Development Index
—
TV Broadcast Stations
—
Radio Broadcast Stations
—
Plug Type & Voltage
Type C and E, 230V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
3.98#72 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality is generally moderate, with pollution from industrial activities and vehicle emissions.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is a concern, especially in urban areas and near industrial sites, with issues including untreated sewage and industrial discharge.
Renewable Energy Usage
Renewable energy usage is growing, with a focus on solar power.
Environmental Issues
Major environmental issues include desertification, soil erosion, water scarcity, and pollution from industrial activities.
Natural Hazards
Natural hazards include droughts, earthquakes, and floods.
Waste Management
Waste management faces challenges, including inadequate infrastructure and limited recycling efforts.
Environmental Agreements
Participates in international environmental agreements.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
African Union, Arab League, OPEC
Major Treaties
Participates in major international treaties.
Visa-Free Countries
Visa-free travel for Algerian citizens varies depending on the destination country; passport holders can enter several countries without a visa.