Kyrgyzstan
Region
🌍 Asia
Population
👥 7
Currency
💱 Kyrgyzstani som
Languages
🗣️ Kyrgyz, Russian
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Official NameSource: REST Countries
Kyrgyz Republic
Continent
Asia
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Kirghiz
Independence
August 31, 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
Top-Level Domain
.kg
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+996
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+06:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Bishkek
ISO Alpha-2
KG
ISO Alpha-3
KGZ
UN Code
417
Geographic Coordinates
41,75
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
199,951#87 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
7,404,300#106 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
37.02
Highest Point (m)
7,439 (Jengish Chokusu)
Lowest Point (m)
401 (in the Fergana Valley)
Land Use
Agricultural land, pasture, and forests.
Irrigated Land
Approximately 10% of the total land area.
Coastline Length
This landlocked country has no coastline.
Climate
Continental, with warm summers and cold winters; arid to semi-arid.
Natural Resources
Gold, coal, uranium, antimony, tungsten, tin, zinc, oil, natural gas, hydropower.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
Major Rivers
Naryn, Chu, Talas, and Kara-Darya.
Major Lakes
Issyk-Kul, Song-Kul, and Chatyr-Kul.
Government Type
Parliamentary Republic
Administrative Divisions
7 regions (oblasts) and 2 cities with regional status.
Legal System
Based on civil law system.
Chief of State
President Sadyr Japarov.
Head of Government
Cabinet of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister.
Cabinet
The Cabinet of Ministers is appointed by the President.
Elections
Presidential and parliamentary elections are held.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, and local courts.
Legislative Branch
Unicameral Supreme Council (Jogorku Kenesh).
Major Political Parties
Several parties represented in parliament; political landscape can shift.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Kyrgyzstani som
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
22.62#128 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
67.7#122 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3,080.97#159 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
8
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
26.46
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
51.19
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
8.21#32 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2,868,314
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3.53#128 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
38.72
Budget
The government budget includes revenues and expenditures for various sectors.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
6.07#126 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
14.84#106 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Information on foreign reserves is available from the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Currency Exchange
Currency exchange rates can be found at local banks and online currency converters.
GDP by Sector
Agriculture, industry, and services contribute to the GDP.
Major Industries
Mining, agriculture, and manufacturing are major industries.
Major Export Partners
China, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan are major export partners.
Major Import Partners
China, Russia, and Kazakhstan are major import partners.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2009)Checked September 29, 2026
99.24#26 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
19.4
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
4.4
Net Migration Rate
Approximately -2 migrants per 1,000 population.
Median Age
Approximately 27 years.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
34.75#182 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 1% annual rate of change.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
72.4#130 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate is relatively low.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
4.5
Ethnic Groups
Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Russians, and Dungans are the major ethnic groups.
Religions
Islam is the predominant religion.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Kyrgyz, Russian
Education
Education System
The education system in Kyrgyzstan includes primary, secondary, and higher education levels. Education is compulsory for 9 years. Russian and Kyrgyz are used in education.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2019)Checked September 29, 2026
13
Government Education Spending
Government expenditure on education accounts for a significant portion of the national budget, aiming to improve access and quality.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities include Kyrgyz National University, Kyrgyz State Technical University, and American University of Central Asia.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Kyrgyz culture is a blend of nomadic traditions, influenced by Turkic, Persian, and Russian cultures. It is rich in oral traditions, music, and dance.
National Holidays
National holidays include Independence Day (August 31), New Year's Day, and Victory Day (May 9).
Popular Music
Popular music includes traditional Kyrgyz folk music (e.g., Akyn singing) as well as contemporary genres influenced by Western and Russian pop.
Traditional Food
Traditional foods include beshbarmak (boiled meat with noodles), plov (rice pilaf), and lagman (noodle soup).
Sports
Popular sports are wrestling, football, and horse riding games, such as Kok-boru.
Major Festivals
Major festivals include Nooruz (Persian New Year) and various cultural and horse-related festivals.
Famous People
Famous people include Chinghiz Aitmatov (writer), and Kurmanjan Datka (political figure).
Cultural Heritage Sites
Cultural heritage sites include the Burana Tower and the Sulayman Mountain.
UNESCO Sites
UNESCO sites include the Silk Roads: Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor and the Sulayman-Too Sacred Mountain.
Annual Tourist Visits
Around 3 million (pre-pandemic levels).
Tourism Overview
Tourism is growing, focused on natural beauty and adventure.
Top Tourist Attractions
Issyk-Kul Lake, Ala Archa National Park, Son-Kul Lake, Tash Rabat Caravanserai.
Famous Cities
Bishkek, Osh.
National Parks
Ala Archa National Park, Sarychat-Ertash Reserve, and others.
Protected Areas
Significant portion of the country is protected.
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
Visa-free entry for citizens of many countries.
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
Exercise a high degree of caution due to potential for civil unrest and border security concerns.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index varies; further research is recommended for specifics.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary depending on the service and location.
Number of Hospitals
There are numerous hospitals throughout the country.
Universal Healthcare
Kyrgyzstan has a healthcare system that includes public and private providers, with government-funded services available. Reforms are ongoing.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available, but quality can vary.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available, but access may be limited in rural areas.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
102
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
103
Emergency Number (Fire)
101
Crime Rate
Moderate.
Safety Index
Moderate.
Military Expenditure
Relatively low.
Emergency Services Overview
Basic emergency services available, response times may vary.
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
Army, Air Force, Border Service.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Near universal access.
Water Access
Generally good in urban areas, lower in rural areas.
Sanitation Access
Variable, with lower access in rural areas.
Railways
Kyrgyzstan has a limited railway network, primarily for freight transport.
Roadways
Total: 34,000 km, mostly unpaved; improvements ongoing.
Transportation System
The transportation system includes roads, railways, and air travel.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Issyk-Kul International Airport (IKU), Manas International Airport (BSZ), Osh International Airport (OSS), Karakol International Airport (IKG)
Ports
None.
Public Transit
Limited; primarily in urban areas, including buses, trolleybuses, and marshrutkas (minibuses).
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
92.03#48 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Over 100.
Tech Startups
Growing sector, with a focus on IT services.
Innovation Index
Low.
ICT Development Index
Moderate.
TV Broadcast Stations
Multiple.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Multiple.
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
1.49#129 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality is a significant concern, often poor in urban areas like Bishkek due to industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and coal-fired heating. Data varies depending on the source and season.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is a major problem, with rivers and lakes contaminated by industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage. Access to clean water is limited in some areas.
Renewable Energy Usage
Kyrgyzstan has potential for hydropower, and this is the dominant source. Solar and wind energy are being explored but contribute less significantly.
Environmental Issues
Major issues include air and water pollution, deforestation, soil erosion, overgrazing, and glacial melt due to climate change.
Natural Hazards
Prone to earthquakes, floods, landslides, and avalanches, especially in mountainous regions.
Waste Management
Waste management is underdeveloped. Solid waste disposal is often inadequate, leading to open dumping and limited recycling efforts. Infrastructure is lacking.
Environmental Agreements
Party to international agreements on climate change, biodiversity, ozone layer protection, and other environmental issues.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Has diplomatic missions in various countries.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Member of the UN, CIS, SCO, and other regional and international organizations.
Major Treaties
Participates in international treaties related to trade, security, and environmental protection.
Visa-Free Countries
Kyrgyz citizens can travel visa-free to a number of countries, varying based on bilateral agreements and changing policies.