Moldova
Region
🌍 Europe
Population
👥 2
Currency
💱 Moldovan leu
Languages
🗣️ Romanian
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Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Moldova
Continent
Europe
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Moldovan
Independence
August 27, 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
Top-Level Domain
.md
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+373
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+02:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Chișinău
ISO Alpha-2
MD
ISO Alpha-3
MDA
UN Code
498
Geographic Coordinates
47,29
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
33,846#140 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
2,365,600#144 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
85.44
Highest Point (m)
430 meters (Dealul Bălănești)
Lowest Point (m)
2 meters (along the Dniester River)
Land Use
Agricultural land comprises a significant portion of the country.
Irrigated Land
Significant portions of agricultural land are irrigated.
Coastline Length
This landlocked country has no coastline.
Climate
Temperate continental climate with hot summers and relatively cold winters.
Natural Resources
Gypsum, limestone, clay, sand, gravel.
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Romania, Ukraine
Major Rivers
The Dniester and Prut Rivers are major waterways.
Major Lakes
There are several small lakes and reservoirs.
Government Type
Parliamentary Republic
Administrative Divisions
32 districts, 3 municipalities, and 2 autonomous regions (Gagauzia and Transnistria)
Legal System
Based on the civil law system.
Chief of State
President Maia Sandu
Head of Government
Prime Minister Dorin Recean
Cabinet
The Cabinet of Ministers is appointed by the Prime Minister and approved by Parliament.
Elections
Elections are held for the Parliament and the President.
Judicial Branch
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Justice, and other courts.
Legislative Branch
Unicameral Parliament (101 seats)
Major Political Parties
Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS), Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova (PSRM), and others.
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Moldovan leu
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
20.35#135 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
47.2#137 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
8,621.72#108 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
7.38
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
16.92
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
61.46
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
7.76#35 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1,373,086
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1.51#176 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
34.26
Budget
Information on the current budget can be found through official government sources.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
6.46#123 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
12.4#114 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Information on foreign reserves can be found through the National Bank of Moldova.
Currency Exchange
Information on currency exchange rates can be found on major financial websites.
GDP by Sector
Agriculture: 13.9%, Industry: 23.3%, Services: 62.8% (2021 est.)
Major Industries
Food processing, agricultural machinery, textiles, wine.
Major Export Partners
Romania, Russia, Italy, Germany, Belarus
Major Import Partners
Romania, Russia, Ukraine, Germany, China
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2014)Checked September 29, 2026
99.36#22 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
10.6
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
13.8
Net Migration Rate
Approximately -5.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Median Age
Approximately 40.5 years (2022 est.)
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
43.73#163 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 0.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
71.3#142 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
Less than 0.1% (2021 est.)
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
6.74
Ethnic Groups
Moldovan 75.8%, Romanian 7.8%, Ukrainian 6.6%, Russian 4.1%, Gagauz 4.4%, Bulgarian 1.9%, other 0.4% (2014 est.)
Religions
Eastern Orthodox 93.3%, other 1.2%, unaffiliated 3.5%, no response 2.0% (2014 est.)
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Romanian
Education
Education System
Education is compulsory from primary to lower secondary. Includes pre-school, primary, secondary, and higher education.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2019)Checked September 29, 2026
11.4
Government Education Spending
Government spending on education is a significant portion of the GDP.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
State University of Moldova, Technical University of Moldova, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Moldovan culture blends Romanian, Slavic, and other influences. Strong emphasis on family, tradition, and hospitality.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- New Year's Day (2026-01-01)
- Craciun pe stil Vechi (Orthodox Christmas) (2026-01-07)
- Craciun pe stil Vechi (Orthodox Christmas) (2026-01-08)
- Day of Veterans of the Armed Forces and Law Enforcement Agencies (2026-02-23)
- International Women's Day (2026-03-08)
- Orthodox Easter (2026-04-12)
- Labour Day (Moldova) (2026-05-01)
- Victory and Commemoration Day (2026-05-09)
- Bălţi Day (2026-05-22)
- Independence Day (2026-08-27)
- Memorial Day (2026-08-31)
- Limba Noastra (2026-08-31)
Popular Music
Mix of traditional folk music, pop, and modern genres. Eurodance and other European pop trends are also popular.
Traditional Food
Mamaliga (cornmeal porridge), sarmale (cabbage rolls), zeama (chicken soup), placinte (savory pies).
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport. Other sports include wrestling, judo, and cycling.
Major Festivals
Mărțișor (spring festival), National Wine Day, and various regional festivals.
Famous People
Ion Luca Caragiale (writer), Ion Ceban (politician, former mayor of Chisinau), and others in arts and sports.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Often linked with historical buildings, monasteries, and related locations of cultural importance.
UNESCO Sites
Multiple sites, including the cultural and natural heritage of Orheiul Vechi.
Annual Tourist Visits
Annual tourist visits are increasing, but relatively low compared to other European countries.
Tourism Overview
Tourism is growing, with a focus on wine tourism, historical sites, and cultural experiences. Limited tourism infrastructure.
Top Tourist Attractions
Historical sites, monasteries, vineyards (wine cellars), and natural landscapes.
Famous Cities
Chisinau (capital), Balti, Tiraspol.
National Parks
Several national parks, protecting diverse ecosystems. E.g., Orhei National Park.
Protected Areas
Protected areas include national parks, nature reserves, and landscape reserves.
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
Visa requirements vary depending on nationality. Many nationalities can enter visa-free for short stays. Check specific requirements.
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
Travel advisories are issued by various countries. Check your country's travel advisories for Moldova.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
Information on healthcare quality can be found through health organizations.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary; information can be obtained from local healthcare providers.
Number of Hospitals
The number of hospitals fluctuates; current information is available from the Ministry of Health.
Universal Healthcare
Moldova has a healthcare system, but universal healthcare is not fully achieved. Access and quality vary.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available in Moldova, including public and private healthcare facilities.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available; dial 112 for assistance.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
902
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
903
Emergency Number (Fire)
901
Crime Rate
Crime rates are moderate. Property crime is a concern. Organized crime presence exists.
Safety Index
Safety index is moderate. Generally safe, but with some risk of petty crime.
Military Expenditure
Military expenditure is relatively low as a percentage of GDP.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services include police, ambulance, and fire departments. Response times can vary. Limited resources in some areas.
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
Military includes Land Forces, Air Force, and some border guard units. Primarily focused on territorial defense.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Near universal electricity access in urban areas; less complete in rural areas. Grid infrastructure improvements ongoing.
Water Access
Access to improved water sources is generally good, but disparities exist between urban and rural areas. Water quality issues in some areas.
Sanitation Access
Sanitation access is variable, with lower access rates in rural areas. Infrastructure development needed.
Railways
Operated by CFM (Calea Ferată din Moldova), providing passenger and freight services.
Roadways
Total roadway network is around 9,350 km, with a significant portion unpaved. Includes national and local roads.
Transportation System
Includes road, rail, and air transport. Public transportation is available in cities.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Chişinău International Airport (RMO), Bălți-Leadoveni International Airport (BZY)
Ports
Giurgiulesti International Free Port is the primary port, located on the Danube River. Limited port infrastructure.
Public Transit
Public transit includes buses, trolleybuses, and marshrutkas (minibuses), primarily in urban areas. Limited railway network.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
77.37#115 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Mobile subscriptions per 100 people are high.
Tech Startups
Growing tech startup scene, particularly in IT and software development.
Innovation Index
Innovation index is relatively low compared to developed countries.
ICT Development Index
ICT Development Index is moderate, with ongoing efforts to improve infrastructure and digital literacy.
TV Broadcast Stations
Several television stations, including both public and private broadcasters.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio stations, covering various formats, including public and private stations.
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
3.42#87 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality is a concern, with moderate levels of pollution reported.
Water Pollution Level
Water pollution is present, primarily from industrial and agricultural runoff.
Renewable Energy Usage
Renewable energy usage is growing, mainly focused on solar and wind power.
Environmental Issues
Environmental issues include water pollution, deforestation, soil erosion, and air pollution.
Natural Hazards
Natural hazards include earthquakes, floods, and droughts.
Waste Management
Waste management faces challenges, including illegal dumping and insufficient recycling.
Environmental Agreements
Participates in international environmental agreements, including climate change and biodiversity.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Member of the OSCE, Council of Europe, and others.
Major Treaties
Part of major international treaties relating to human rights, trade, and environmental protection.
Visa-Free Countries
Offers visa-free travel to citizens of many countries, mostly within Europe.