Uganda
Region
🌍 Africa
Population
👥 45
Currency
💱 Ugandan shilling
Languages
🗣️ English, Swahili
This mark means a fact is linked to a checked source. Hover or tap it to see the source. 36 of 141 facts on this page are sourced.
Welcome to Uganda, the "Pearl of Africa," a land of unparalleled natural beauty and vibrant culture. This captivating East African nation is most famous for its endangered mountain gorillas, offering once-in-a-lifetime encounters in lush rainforests. Beyond the gorillas, Uganda boasts diverse landscapes, from the source of the mighty Nile River in Jinja to the vast savannahs of Queen Elizabeth National Park, teeming with wildlife. Expect a warm reception from the friendly Ugandan people, known for their hospitality. A first-time visitor will be struck by the lush greenery, the dramatic Rift Valley escarpments, and the serene beauty of Lake Victoria. Prepare for an adventure filled with incredible wildlife, breathtaking scenery, and enriching cultural experiences.
Official NameSource: REST Countries
Republic of Uganda
Continent
Africa
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Ugandan
Independence
October 9, 1962 (from the UK)
Top-Level Domain
.ug
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+256
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC+03:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Kampala
ISO Alpha-2
UG
ISO Alpha-3
UGA
UN Code
800
Geographic Coordinates
1,32
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
241,550#81 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
45,905,417#35 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
242.65
Highest Point (m)
4,107 (Mount Stanley)
Lowest Point (m)
621 (Lake Albert)
Land Use
Agricultural land comprises a significant portion of the country.
Irrigated Land
A relatively small percentage of land is irrigated.
Coastline Length
This landlocked country has no coastline.
Climate
Tropical; generally rainy with variations depending on altitude.
Natural Resources
Copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
DRC, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania
Major Rivers
The Nile River is a major river flowing through Uganda.
Major Lakes
Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, and Lake Kyoga are major lakes.
Government Type
Republic
Administrative Divisions
134 districts and one city.
Legal System
Based on English common law and customary law.
Chief of State
President Yoweri Museveni
Head of Government
Prime Minister Robinah Nabbanja
Cabinet
The Cabinet is appointed by the President.
Elections
Presidential and parliamentary elections are held.
Judicial Branch
The judicial branch includes the Supreme Court and High Court.
Legislative Branch
Parliament (consisting of the National Assembly)
Major Political Parties
National Resistance Movement (NRM), Forum for Democratic Change (FDC)
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Ugandan shilling
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
61.99#90 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
179.21#84 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
1,206.3#187 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
26.13
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
24.27
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
42.09
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3.58#77 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
23,393,999
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
2.75#155 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Central government debt, total (% of GDP) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
54.43
Budget
The Ugandan government's annual budget is detailed in the official government publications.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
13.29#102 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
17.83#97 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Information on foreign reserves can be found via the Bank of Uganda.
Currency Exchange
Exchange rates can be found at major financial websites and banks.
GDP by Sector
Agriculture, Industry, Services
Major Industries
Agriculture, coffee processing, sugar, brewing, cement, steel production
Major Export Partners
Kenya, South Sudan, Netherlands, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Major Import Partners
Kenya, China, India, United Arab Emirates
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
77.04#124 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
34.4
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
4.8
Net Migration Rate
Approximately -1 migrant(s) per 1,000 population (2023 est.)
Median Age
Approximately 17 years (2023 est.)
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
31.94#189 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Approximately 5% annual rate of change (2023 est.)
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
68.5#163 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
Approximately 5.5% (2021 est.)
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
4.24
Ethnic Groups
Bantu, Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, and other smaller groups
Religions
Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
English, Swahili
Education
Education System
Uganda's education system includes primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, with a mix of public and private schools.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2004)Checked September 29, 2026
10.9
Government Education Spending
Government expenditure on education in Uganda is around 2-3% of GDP.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities in Uganda include Makerere University and Kyambogo University.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Uganda is known for its diverse cultures, including various ethnic groups with unique traditions, languages, and artistic expressions.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- New Year's Day (2026-01-01)
- Liberation Day (2026-01-26)
- Archbishop Janani Luwum Day (2026-02-16)
- International Women's Day (2026-03-08)
- Good Friday (2026-04-03)
- Easter Monday (2026-04-06)
- Labour Day (2026-05-01)
- Martyrs' Day (2026-06-03)
- National Heroes' Day (2026-06-09)
- Independence Day (2026-10-09)
- Christmas Day (2026-12-25)
- Boxing Day (2026-12-26)
Popular Music
Popular music genres in Uganda include Afrobeat, Zouk, and local styles like Kadongo Kamu.
Traditional Food
Traditional Ugandan foods include matoke (cooked green bananas), groundnut stew, and various meats.
Sports
Football (soccer) is the most popular sport in Uganda, followed by athletics and boxing.
Major Festivals
Major festivals in Uganda include the Nyege Nyege International Music Festival and the Bayimba International Festival of the Arts.
Famous People
Famous Ugandans include Idi Amin, Yoweri Museveni, and musicians like Bobi Wine.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Uganda has numerous cultural heritage sites, including the Kasubi Tombs.
UNESCO Sites
Uganda has UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Kasubi Tombs and Bwindi Impenetrable National Park.
Annual Tourist Visits
Around 1.5 million tourists annually.
Tourism Overview
Tourism is a significant sector, with focus on wildlife, nature, and cultural experiences.
Top Tourist Attractions
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (gorilla trekking), Queen Elizabeth National Park, Murchison Falls National Park, Lake Mburo National Park.
Famous Cities
Kampala, Entebbe, Jinja.
National Parks
10 National Parks, offering diverse wildlife and landscapes.
Protected Areas
Significant protected areas for conservation, including national parks and reserves.
Best Time to Visit
Uganda can be visited year-round, but the drier seasons from June to August and December to February are generally considered the best for wildlife viewing and gorilla trekking. During these months, the terrain is more accessible, and animals tend to congregate near water sources. For birdwatchers, the wet seasons from March to May and September to November offer excellent opportunities as migratory birds are present. If you're keen on experiencing Ugandan culture and festivals, research specific dates as events are spread throughout the year. The shoulder months can offer fewer crowds and potentially lower prices, while still providing enjoyable weather for exploring cities and landscapes.
Tourist Visa Info
Visas are required for many nationalities; can often be obtained online or on arrival.
Visa Requirements Overview
Tourist visa requirements for Uganda vary significantly based on your nationality. Many nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival at Entebbe International Airport, while others may need to apply in advance through an embassy or consulate. An increasing number of travelers are eligible for an e-visa, which can be applied for online before departure. It is essential to check the specific requirements for your country well in advance of your travel plans. Requirements typically include a valid passport, proof of onward travel, and sufficient funds. Some nationalities may qualify for visa-free entry for short stays.
Travel Advisory
Exercise a high degree of caution due to crime and potential for civil unrest in certain areas; consult your government's travel advisory.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
Information on healthcare quality is available through various international health organizations.
Medical Cost
Medical costs vary, with public healthcare generally being less expensive than private.
Number of Hospitals
Uganda has a number of hospitals and clinics, the exact number is subject to change.
Universal Healthcare
Uganda's healthcare system is a mix of public and private providers, but universal healthcare is not fully implemented.
Medical Services Overview
Uganda offers a mix of public and private healthcare services. Access to specialized care can be limited outside major cities.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical services are available, but response times and resources may vary depending on the location.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police in Uganda is 999.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulance services in Uganda is 999.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire brigade in Uganda is 999.
Crime Rate
The crime rate index in Uganda is moderate.
Safety Index
The safety index in Uganda is moderate.
Military Expenditure
Uganda's military expenditure is approximately 1-2% of GDP.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Uganda are available, but response times can vary.
Safety Overview
Uganda is generally a safe country for tourists, with most visitors enjoying their trips without incident. Petty theft, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, can occur in crowded urban areas, so it's advisable to be aware of your surroundings, especially in Kampala. Avoid displaying expensive jewelry or large sums of cash. When traveling by road, especially at night, use reputable taxi services or arrange transport through your accommodation to minimize risks. While political demonstrations are rare, it's wise to stay informed about local news and avoid large gatherings. Common scams are usually minor and involve inflated prices; always agree on fares or prices beforehand.
Military Branches
The Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) is the main military branch.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Electricity access in Uganda is improving, particularly in urban areas.
Water Access
Access to clean water varies, with improved access in urban areas.
Sanitation Access
Sanitation access varies, with ongoing efforts to improve conditions.
Railways
Uganda has a railway system, mainly used for cargo transport, with limited passenger services.
Roadways
Uganda has a road network, with improvements ongoing to enhance connectivity.
Transportation System
Uganda's transportation system includes road networks, airports, and a limited railway system.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Entebbe International Airport (EBB), Arua Airport (RUA), Gulu Airport (ULU), Savannah Airstrip (KHX), Soroti Airport (SRT)
Ports
Uganda is a landlocked country and does not have seaports. It uses ports on Lake Victoria.
Public Transit
Public transit options in Uganda include buses, taxis, and boda-bodas (motorcycle taxis).
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
8.95#205 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Approximately 73 mobile subscriptions per 100 people.
Tech Startups
Growing tech startup scene, particularly in fintech and agritech.
Innovation Index
Generally low innovation index, but improving.
ICT Development Index
Relatively low ICT Development Index, indicating room for growth in digital infrastructure and access.
TV Broadcast Stations
Several television stations, including both public and private broadcasters.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Numerous radio stations across the country.
Plug Type & Voltage
Type G, 240V, 50Hz
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
0.17#181 of 202
Air Quality Index
Generally poor; high levels of particulate matter.
Water Pollution Level
Significant pollution from industrial waste, sewage, and agricultural runoff; lake contamination.
Renewable Energy Usage
Growing; hydropower is the primary source; increasing solar and biomass adoption.
Environmental Issues
Deforestation, soil erosion, wetland degradation, water pollution, and poaching.
Natural Hazards
Droughts, floods, landslides, and occasional earthquakes.
Waste Management
Inadequate; limited waste collection and disposal infrastructure; open dumping common.
Environmental Agreements
Party to major environmental agreements, including climate change, biodiversity, and ozone layer protection.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
Commonwealth, African Union
Major Treaties
Major treaties related to climate change, biodiversity and human rights.
Visa-Free Countries
Uganda passport holders have visa-free access to a limited number of countries.