Venezuela
Region
🌍 Americas
Population
👥 28
Currency
💱 Venezuelan bolÃvar soberano
Languages
🗣️ Spanish
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Official NameSource: REST Countries
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Continent
America
DemonymSource: REST Countries
Venezuelan
Independence
July 5, 1811 (from Spain)
Top-Level Domain
.ve
Calling CodeSource: REST Countries
+58
Time ZoneSource: REST Countries
UTC-04:00
Capital CitySource: REST Countries
Caracas
ISO Alpha-2
VE
ISO Alpha-3
VEN
UN Code
862
Geographic Coordinates
8,-66
Area (km²)Source: REST Countries
916,445#34 of 249
PopulationSource: REST Countries
28,633,711#53 of 247
Population Density (per km²)
32.09
Highest Point (m)
Pico Bolívar, 4,978 m
Lowest Point (m)
Caribbean Sea, 0 m
Land Use
Primarily forests and pastures; some arable land
Irrigated Land
Approximately 1,070 sq km (2012)
Coastline Length
2,800 km
Climate
Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Natural Resources
Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower
Bordering CountriesSource: REST Countries
Brazil, Colombia, Guyana
Major Rivers
Orinoco River, Caroní River, Apure River
Major Lakes
Lake Maracaibo
Government Type
Presidential republic
Administrative Divisions
23 states and 1 capital district
Legal System
Based on Spanish and French civil law systems
Chief of State
President Nicolás Maduro
Head of Government
President Nicolás Maduro
Cabinet
Council of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections
Presidential elections are held every six years.
Judicial Branch
Supreme Tribunal of Justice
Legislative Branch
National Assembly
Major Political Parties
United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), various opposition parties
CurrencySource: REST Countries
Venezuelan bolÃvar soberano
GDP, Nominal (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
99.66#79 of 211
GDP, PPP (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: GDP, PPP (current international $) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
621.14#48 of 201
GDP per Capita (US$)Source: World Bank: GDP per capita (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
3,494.81#153 of 211
GDP - Agriculture (%)Source: World Bank: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
0
GDP - Industry (%)Source: World Bank: Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
0
GDP - Services (%)Source: World Bank: Services, value added (% of GDP) (2011)Checked September 29, 2026
0
Inflation Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) (2016)Checked September 29, 2026
254.95#1 of 191
Labor Force (people)Source: World Bank: Labor force, total (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
11,118,416
Unemployment Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
5.31#89 of 185
Public Debt (% of GDP)
Venezuela's public debt is significant and subject to economic conditions, with figures fluctuating considerably.
Budget
Information on the Venezuelan government's budget is subject to availability and frequent change due to economic circumstances.
Exports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Exports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
14.85#98 of 192
Imports (US$ billion)Source: World Bank: Imports of goods and services (current US$) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
10.07#120 of 192
Foreign Reserves
Venezuela's foreign reserves are subject to fluctuations due to economic conditions, and recent data availability is limited.
Currency Exchange
Due to volatile economic conditions, it's best to consult current exchange rates from reliable financial sources before visiting Venezuela.
GDP by Sector
Venezuela's GDP is primarily driven by oil and gas extraction, with smaller contributions from services, manufacturing, and agriculture. Reliable sectoral data is limited.
Major Industries
The major industries in Venezuela include petroleum, mining, manufacturing, and tourism.
Major Export Partners
Venezuela's main export partners include the United States, India, and China, although trade relationships are subject to change.
Major Import Partners
Venezuela's main import partners include the United States, China, and Brazil, with trade dependent on economic relationships.
Society
Literacy Rate (%)Source: World Bank: Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) (2017)Checked September 29, 2026
97.18#57 of 169
Birth Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
15.2
Death Rate (per 1,000 people)Source: World Bank: Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
7.7
Net Migration Rate
Net migration in Venezuela is affected by economic conditions; data is subject to change.
Median Age
Venezuela's median age reflects shifts in demographics, and recent data may vary; estimates are in the range of the early thirties.
Urban Population (%)Source: World Bank: Urban population (% of total population) (2025)Checked September 29, 2026
89.32#33 of 214
Urbanization Rate
Venezuela's urbanization rate is relatively stable as most of the population already resides in urban areas.
Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: Life expectancy at birth, total (years) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
72.7#126 of 214
HIV/AIDS Prevalence
HIV/AIDS prevalence in Venezuela is a concern, but data accuracy depends on reporting.
Health Expenditures (% of GDP)Source: World Bank: Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (2023)Checked September 29, 2026
3.78
Ethnic Groups
Venezuela's population is ethnically diverse, consisting primarily of Mestizos, with significant populations of European, African, and Indigenous descent.
Religions
The majority of Venezuelans are Roman Catholic, with a significant Protestant minority, and other religious groups present.
LanguagesSource: REST Countries
Spanish
Education
Education System
Venezuela's education system is divided into primary, secondary, and higher education, with a mix of public and private institutions.
School Life Expectancy (years)Source: World Bank: School life expectancy, primary to tertiary, both sexes (years) (2009)Checked September 29, 2026
14.3
Government Education Spending
Government expenditure on education in Venezuela has fluctuated, impacted by economic conditions.
Primary Education Access
—
Secondary Education Access
—
Higher Education Access
—
Major Universities
Major universities in Venezuela include the Central University of Venezuela and the University of Zulia.
Culture
Cultural Overview
Venezuelan culture is a blend of indigenous, European, and African influences, expressed through music, dance, and cuisine.
National HolidaysSource: Nager.Date
- Día de Año Nuevo (2026-01-01)
- Día de Reyes (2026-01-06)
- Día de la Divina Pastora (2026-01-14)
- Día del Maestro (2026-01-15)
- Día de la Juventud (2026-02-12)
- Carnaval (2026-02-16)
- Carnaval (2026-02-17)
- Dia Internacional de la Mujer (2026-03-08)
- Día de San José (2026-03-19)
- Día del abolición de la esclavitud (2026-03-21)
- Aniversario del fundacion del San Cristóbal (2026-03-31)
- Proclamación de la Independencia (2026-04-19)
Popular Music
Popular music genres in Venezuela include salsa, merengue, and traditional Venezuelan music like *joropo*.
Traditional Food
Traditional Venezuelan food includes arepas, pabellón criollo, and hallacas.
Sports
Baseball and soccer are popular sports in Venezuela.
Major Festivals
Major festivals in Venezuela include Carnival and Feria de la Chinita.
Famous People
Famous Venezuelans include Simón Bolívar and Hugo Chávez.
Cultural Heritage Sites
Venezuela has numerous sites of cultural heritage, including historic towns and architectural landmarks.
UNESCO Sites
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Venezuela include the Coro and its Port and Canaima National Park.
Annual Tourist Visits
Significantly reduced in recent years.
Tourism Overview
Tourism has been significantly impacted by the economic and political situation; numbers are low.
Top Tourist Attractions
Angel Falls, Canaima National Park, and the beaches of Margarita Island.
Famous Cities
Caracas, Maracaibo, Valencia, and Barquisimeto.
National Parks
Canaima National Park, Morrocoy National Park.
Protected Areas
Significant protected areas; covering a considerable percentage of the country.
Best Time to Visit
—
Tourist Visa Info
Visa requirements vary; check with the embassy or consulate.
Visa Requirements Overview
—
Travel Advisory
High travel advisories are in effect; check your country's travel advisories.
Healthcare
Healthcare Quality
The healthcare quality index for Venezuela can vary depending on economic conditions, and reliable data is subject to change.
Medical Cost
Medical costs in Venezuela can vary depending on access and availability of resources; the economic conditions impact pricing.
Number of Hospitals
Venezuela has a number of hospitals and healthcare facilities, but the number and their operational status may fluctuate.
Universal Healthcare
Venezuela's healthcare system is primarily public, but faces challenges in access and quality.
Medical Services Overview
Medical services are available in Venezuela, but access and quality can vary. It's recommended to have travel insurance.
Emergency Medical Access
Emergency medical access in Venezuela varies by region; reliable emergency services can be challenging to access in certain areas. Travel insurance is recommended.
Emergency & Safety
Emergency Number (Police)
The emergency number for the police in Venezuela is 171.
Emergency Number (Ambulance)
The emergency number for ambulances in Venezuela is 171.
Emergency Number (Fire)
The emergency number for the fire department in Venezuela is 171.
Crime Rate
Venezuela's crime rate is a concern, with varying levels of risk depending on location.
Safety Index
Venezuela's safety index is relatively low due to high crime rates.
Military Expenditure
Venezuela's military expenditure is a significant portion of its national budget.
Emergency Services Overview
Emergency services in Venezuela are available, but their response times and effectiveness may vary.
Safety Overview
—
Military Branches
The branches of the Venezuelan military include the Army, Navy, Air Force, and National Guard.
Infrastructure
Electricity Access
Electricity access is available in most urban areas of Venezuela, though there are intermittent outages.
Water Access
Access to clean water is available in many areas, but shortages can occur.
Sanitation Access
Sanitation access varies, with challenges in some regions.
Railways
Venezuela's railway network is limited but expanding.
Roadways
Venezuela has a network of roadways, with varying conditions.
Transportation System
Venezuela's transportation system includes road, air, and public transit options.
AirportsSource: OurAirports
Arturo Michelena International Airport (VLN), Del Caribe Santiago Mariño International Airport (PMV), General José Antonio Anzoategui International Airport (BLA), General Manuel Carlos Piar International Airport (PZO), Jacinto Lara International Airport (BRM), La Chinita International Airport (MAR)
Ports
Venezuela has several major ports, including Puerto Cabello and La Guaira.
Public Transit
Public transit options in Venezuela include buses and, in some cities, metro systems.
Technology & Communication
Internet Penetration (%)Source: World Bank: Individuals using the Internet (% of population) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
76.68#118 of 211
Mobile Subscriptions (per 100)
Information unavailable.
Tech Startups
Limited information available; startup ecosystem underdeveloped.
Innovation Index
Information unavailable.
ICT Development Index
Information unavailable.
TV Broadcast Stations
Reported to have a number of TV broadcast stations.
Radio Broadcast Stations
Reported to have a number of radio broadcast stations.
Plug Type & Voltage
—
CO2 Emissions (t per capita)Source: World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) (2024)Checked September 29, 2026
3.39#88 of 202
Air Quality Index
Air quality data is limited; often poor in urban areas due to industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust.
Water Pollution Level
Significant water pollution, particularly in urban areas and near industrial sites, with untreated sewage and industrial discharge contributing.
Renewable Energy Usage
Limited renewable energy usage; primarily hydroelectric power, with potential for solar and wind development.
Environmental Issues
Deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution from oil and mining, air pollution in urban areas.
Natural Hazards
Floods, mudslides, droughts, earthquakes.
Waste Management
Inadequate waste management infrastructure; significant issues with solid waste disposal and recycling.
Environmental Agreements
Party to international environmental agreements on climate change, biodiversity, and ozone layer protection.
UN MembershipSource: REST Countries
Yes
Diplomatic Missions
Maintains diplomatic missions globally.
International OrganizationsSource: REST Countries
OPEC
Major Treaties
Part of the Paris Agreement.
Visa-Free Countries
Venezuelan citizens can travel visa-free to a number of countries, primarily in the Americas and some in Europe.